Form and Space Organization of Islamic Cham Vernacular Houses in Cambodia

Abstract

This study examines the architectural forms and spatial organization of Islamic Cham vernacular houses in Cambodia. A qualitative research approach was employed, with data collected through literature review, field surveys, architectural measurements, observations, and in-depth interviews of 17 case-study houses in Chumnik Village, Tbong Khmum Province, Cambodia. The data were analyzed and compared in two aspects: the architectural forms of Islamic Cham houses and Khmer vernacular houses in Cambodia, and the spatial organization of Islamic Cham houses in Cambodia in comparison with Cham Muslim houses in Vietnam documented in the relevant literature. The findings indicate that Islamic Cham houses share architectural characteristics with Khmer vernacular houses and can be classified into three forms based on roof configuration and gable position. The spatial organization of houses from different periods also demonstrates continuity, comprising three principal areas: the hall, private space, and the kitchen located at the rear of the house. These spatial arrangements reflect the relationship between house form, everyday life, and Islamic religious beliefs among Cham communities in Cambodia