Development of Guidelines for Internal Supervision by the Professional Learning Community of Schools Under the Office of Primary Education Service Areas
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Abstract
The objectives of this mixed-methods study were to develop guidelines for internal supervision using the school's Professional Learning Community. The research was conducted in two steps. In the first step, the needs for internal supervision in schools was evaluated. The sample consisted of 400 teachers from schools under the supervision of the primary educational service area offices. The tools used in this research were
the needs assessment with a reliability coefficient of 0.98 - 0.99. Data was analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and Priority Needs Index. In the second step, guidelines for internal supervision using the school's Professional Learning Community were developed. Informants included 9 experts in educational supervision,
educational administration, and teachers. The tools used in the research were assessment forms. Data was analyzed using mean and standard deviation.
The research findings revealed that: 1) In assessing the needs for internal supervision of affiliated schools (PNImodified = 0.11), it was found that, The area with the ranking of needs index number 1 is the creating media and supervisory tools (PNImodified = 0.13), number 2 is the executing the supervisory process (PNImodified = 0.12), number 3 is the studying the current situation, problems, and needs (PNImodified = 0.11), number 4 is the evaluating, improving, and reporting outcomes (PNImodified = 0.10), and No. 5 is the planning for supervision and setting alternatives (PNImodified = 0.09). 2) In developing guidelines for internal supervision using the school's Professional Learning Community, it was discovered that the approach for internal supervision utilizing the Professional Learning Community, named "5 supervision by PLC + PDCA,". In total, there were 32 action guidelines. These were categorized into: studying the current situation, problems, and needs 5 items; planning for supervision and setting alternatives 6 items; creating media and supervisory tools 5 items; executing the supervisory process 8 items; and evaluating, improving, and reporting outcomes 8 items. Experts had an opinion that, overall, the appropriateness was at its highest level ( = 4.80, S.D. = 0.15). When considering individual aspects, the mean values ranged between 4.85 and 4.71. In terms of overall feasibility, it was at the highest level (
= 4.80, S.D. = 0.16), with mean values for specific aspects ranging between 4.83 and 4.73.
Furthermore, regarding overall usefulness, it was at the highest level ( = 4.83, S.D. = 0.29), with mean values for individual aspects ranging between 4.89 and 4.78.
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