Development of a Scientific Inquiry-Based Experimental Kit (5E) on Basic Direct Current Circuit Analysis for Solar Cell Power Systems to Enhance Academic Achievement in Energy Technology for Undergraduate Physics Students
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Abstract
This research aims to: 1) develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a scientific experiment kit on the
topic "Basic Direct Current Circuit Analysis for Solar Cell Power Systems" with an effectiveness criterion of 80/80;
2) compare the learning achievements of students enrolled in an energy technology course before and after using the developed scientific experiment kit; and 3) examine the satisfaction of undergraduate physics students with the experiment kit based on the 5Es inquiry-based learning process. The sample was 15 third-year physics students from Lampang Rajabhat University, Lampang Province, selected through simple random sampling. Research instruments included: 1) the developed scientific experiment kit for analyzing basic direct current circuits in solar energy systems; 2) a learning achievement test for physics students; and 3) a questionnaire assessing students’ satisfaction with the learning process using the experiment kit and the 5Es model. Data were analyzed using percentage progress scores, mean, standard deviation, and paired t-tests. The results revealed that: 1) the evaluation by experts showed that the developed scientific experiment kit was of the highest quality and had an effectiveness score of 86.67/82.67, exceeding the specified criterion; 2) a statistically significant improvement in learning achievement was observed at the .01 level, with post-test scores significantly higher than pre-test scores; and 3) students expressed the highest level of satisfaction with the developed experiment kit. These findings indicate that the scientific experiment kit facilitates the transformation of abstract concepts into concrete understanding, enhancing students’ comprehension of basic direct current circuit analysis for solar cell power systems. Furthermore, the kit promotes long-term retention of knowledge and its practical application in daily life.
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