ICT Integration in Thai Higher Education: A Pre-COVID SWOT Analysis Using AHP
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Abstract
This study investigates the extent of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) integration in Thai higher education prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 519 undergraduate students across various disciplines were surveyed to assess their use of ICT in both classroom and non-classroom settings. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 lecturers and 3 education experts to provide additional insights into institutional practices and strategies. The research utilized a SWOT analysis, combined with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), to evaluate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats related to ICT integration. Key findings reveal that while ICT was moderately integrated, challenges such as limited access to technology, insufficient training, and a lack of engagement in classroom use were prevalent. The study concludes with strategic recommendations for enhancing ICT use in Thai universities, focusing on improving infrastructure, training, and the creation of interactive, student-centered digital content. These findings remain relevant given the post-pandemic shift toward increased digitalization in education.
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