Developing English Reading Comprehension Skills Using the 5W1H Technique: A Case Study of Fifth-Grade Students

Abstract

          The study aimed to 1) compare the fifth graders’ English reading comprehension achievement before and after learning procedures by using 5W1H technique, 2) study the efficiency values of the developed reading comprehension kits, based on the efficiency criteria of 80/80, and 3) investigate the students’ satisfaction towards learning through the 5W1H technique. 5W1H is a teaching reading process by using the question forms with Who, What, When, Where, Why, and How to stimulate students to be enthusiastic in thinking and analyzing the content from the passages.  The reading comprehension kits were used in learning activities  to encourage students to gain Bloom's learning levels in stages 1 to 3, which are knowledge, understanding, and application. This research focused on using only 3 stages as they were appropriate for students' learning behavior and  the content used in teaching English reading comprehension according to the Basic Core Curriculum 2551. The sample consisted of 30 fifth graders studying in the first semester of academic year 2024 at Bannonkan School, gained through cluster sampling. The research instruments included 12 reading comprehension kits, an achievement test of 40 items with difficulty indices between .43 and .83, the discrimination indices between .27 and .67, and the reliability of .85. The data were analyzed by using mean, standard deviation, percentage, and t-test dependent samples.

            The research findings were as follows: 1)The students’ learning achievement after learning through 5W1H technique was significantly higher than that before using it at the .01 level. 2) The kit efficiency values were 83.12/82.25 based on the standardized criteria of 80/80. 3) The students’ satisfaction towards learning through the 5W1H technique was at a higher level ( = 4.30, S.D = 0.75)