แนวทางป้องกันการเกิดอัคคีภัยบริเวณย่านเมืองเก่า: กรณีศึกษา เมืองเก่าสุรินทร์

Abstract

The purposes of this research are 1) to study physical factors that have an effect on fire occurrence, 2) to identify high-risk areas, 3) to suggest guidelines to prevent fire by studying physical factors: land use, transportation route, locations of fire hydrants, radius of the fire station, building use, types of buildings, the number of buildings’ floors, wall materials, and building density. Data was analyzed using factors’ weighted average with Overlay Analysis by Geographic Information System (GIS). The finding points out the greatest risk area 0.21 km2 (6.06%), high risk area 0.63 km2 (17.99%), moderate risk 0.90 km2 (25.61%), and low risk 1.99 km2 (56.39%). It can be seen that outside the old town areas are at low risk. Meanwhile, urban areas are at moderate to the greatest risk: walking street, commercial and traditional community areas, which buildings’ structures made from wood that can cause fire. Furthermore, in some community areas, fire trucks are unable to reach to handle the incidents because of alleys. Therefore, guidelines to prevent fire were recommended as follows: (1) Before the peril, risk of public danger management: define policies, measures and activities, especially land use planning and city planning control to build confidence in life and property; (2) During the peril, academic information, situation tendency and related regulations are needed; and (3) After the peril, a system of public utility and the communities’ ways of life should be developed and recovered, or enforce new laws to conserve valuable buildings, historical areas, and way of life and property in a sustainable way.