นวัตกรรมทางทหารในสมัยกรุงศรีอยุธยาอันเป็นผลมาจากการติดต่อกับโปรตุเกส

บทคัดย่อ

Portugal was the first country of European group that contacted to Ayutthaya Capital since the middle of 21 Buddhist Era or the early of century 16. Moreover, in B.E 2054 or in A.D. 1511 the King of Portuguese had sent the Ambrassador named “Du-arte Fernandes” to bring the tributes of making good relationship with Ayutthaya capital in the period of King of Somdej Ramathibodee 2. Moreover, the royal court of Ayutthaya had received this tribute as the good friendship and sent its Ambrassador to Malaka. Besides, until in B.E. 2059 that Thai and Portuguese had made the friendship treaty and trade treaty to each other by allowing Portuguese people to trade and spread Christianity in Ayutthaya capital and up countries of Thailand, such as Marid, Tanaosri, Pattani and Nakornsrithammarat and others.

For the Portuguese products, Ayutthaya capital was interested in special way to Fire pistols in both large ones and small but long ones including of gunshot and gunpowder. Then, the new coming of fire pistols from Portuguese was become to be the significant innovation that can change the war plan of Ayutthaya. Thus, since then it has written the new war plan or Pichaisongkram war plan in the new way to conform with the fire pistols and the new strategic war of Portuguese also.

Furthermore, there were several of Portuguese people who volunteered to be the mercenary and applied their capacity as their occupational soldiers to use the new weapons or the fire pistols for war. Later, in the period of the Chaiyarachathirat King there were a lot of volunteer Portuguese solidiers to assist Ayutthaya for defeat Myanmar armies in Chiangkran. Then, it allowed for Portuguese people to set up their residents inside Ayutthaya called Portuguese Villages as well as bestowing on the land for setting up the Churches of Christianity as well.

Apart from the fire pistols, the city wall and large turret were built up from the bricks to protect from the invading of the enemies in the period of Mahachakkaphad King. Moreover, it had assumed that these ones were resulted from the supporting of Portuguese people according to the finding of drawing pictures by Dutch people in the period of King Prasartthong or in the end of Buddha Era 22 or in the early of Century 17. What’s more, these drawing pictures are the City Wall with large turret of Ayutthaya palace with circle shape. Similarly, it had assumed that these ones were built up by the recommend of the Portuguese craftsman. Significantly, it was found that this information was conformed with the anthropology evidences at the root base of the turret that is appeared above the ground in the current day. Therefore, it had the assumption that this circle shape of the turret was the first one built up by Portuguese craftsman. As the result, this basic shape had been spread from building the turret on the middle age of Europe, and it had assumed that in the short time the Portuguese craftsman had built up this same kind of the turret in Malaga also.