A Learning Activity Model to Promote Mathematical Problem-Solving Skills with Active Learning Principles among Grade 9 Students
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Abstract
This study employed a research and development (R&D) approach with the objectives to: (1) investigate problems and needs in developing learning activities to promote mathematical problem-solving skills among Grade 9 students; (2) develop an active learning–based learning activity model; (3) implement and examine the effectiveness of the developed model; and (4) assess students’ satisfaction with the model. The participants were Grade 9 students from a lower secondary school, selected through purposive sampling. Research instruments included a problems-and-needs questionnaire, lesson plans and an implementation manual, a mathematical problem-solving skills test, and a student satisfaction questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the 80/80 efficiency criterion, mean, standard deviation, and dependent-samples t-test. The results indicated that: (1) Students reported the highest level of learning problems and the highest level of need for the development of learning activities; (2) the TKP active learning model consisted of three stages: Trigger, Knowledge Pursuit & Problem Solving, and Precision, emphasizing questioning, hands-on practice, and inquiry-based learning; (3) the model achieved an effectiveness of 88.77/82.70, exceeding the established criterion; and (4) students reported the highest level of satisfaction with the learning activities.
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