Development of an Assessment Package for Physical Fitness and Serving Ability in Youth Sepak Takraw Athletes
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Abstract
This research aimed to 1) investigate the components of physical fitness and serving ability assessments for youth sepak takraw athletes and 2) examine the quality of the assessment tools for physical fitness and serving ability. The study was conducted in two phases. Phase 1 investigated the components of physical fitness and serving ability. Data were collected from 50 key informants—coaches/assistant coaches, team managers, and female sepak takraw athletes in the serving position—using questionnaires. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Phase 2 examined the quality of the assessment tools. Data were collected from 30 female sepak takraw athletes from Bangkok Sports School and analyzed using descriptive statistics, content validity analysis via the Content Validity Index (CVI), and test–retest reliability analysis using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The research findings revealed the following:
1. The top four physical fitness components most significantly associated with serving were: 1) muscular strength (M = 4.88, SD = 0.33), 2) flexibility (M = 4.86, SD = 0.35), 3) balance (M = 4.72, SD = 0.61), and 4) muscular power (M = 4.64, SD = 0.53). These components reflect the serving performance of youth sepak takraw athletes in terms of speed, power, and accuracy. Serving ability can be assessed through three elements: 1) body coordination, which evaluates the completeness of the serving motion in three phases—preparation and backswing, ball contact, and force transmission; 2) serving accuracy, assessed either by the ability to hit specific target zones on the court or by hitting predefined target points; and 3) serving speed, measured by selecting the fastest attempts from five total serves.
2. The content validity index (CVI) of the assessment package for physical fitness and serving ability was 1.00 for each item. The reliability coefficients ranged from .72 to .99, and the consistency, measured by ICC, ranged from .96 to 1.00.
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