Development of Technological Innovation Literacy Scale for Grade 12 Students
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Abstract
The purposes of this research were 1) to create a technological innovation literacy scale for grade 12 students, and 2) to validate the construct validity of the technological innovation literacy scale for grade 12 students. In Phase 1, 18 experts and 30 grade 12 students from Princess Chulabhorn Science High School Loei, selected through purposive sampling, were the sources of data for the scale construction. In Phase 2, 254 grade 12 students from the schools in the Princess Chulabhorn Science High School Group, selected through multistage random sampling, validated the construct validity of the scale. The analysis of the construct validity of the scale employed confirmatory factor analysis.
The results were as follows:
1. The technological innovation literacy scale for grade 12 students that had been constructed consisted of 18 4-choice items, 4 situational questions and 1 subjective question, totaling 23 items. The content validity of the items ranged from 0.60 to 1.00, the difficulty ranged from rather easy to rather difficult (0.23 to 0.67), the discrimination ranged from fairly discriminating to very discriminating (0.29 to 0.91), and the total reliability was rather high ( = 0.71).
2. The technological innovation literacy scale for grade 12 students that had been constructed had the construct validity ( = 141.71, df = 164, p = 0.89515 GFI = 0.96, AGFI = 0.92, RMSEA = 0.00, RMR = 0.094, NFI = 0.99, NNFI = 1.00 and CFI = 1.00). It had 2 main components: 1) knowledge of technological innovation which consisted of 3 indicators: 1.1) knowledge of technological innovation content, measured with items 1 to 4; 1.2) knowledge of technological innovation process, measured with items 5 to 8; and 1.3) knowledge of technological innovation concept, measured with items 9 to 12; 2) the innovator attribute consisted of 3 indicators: 2.1) management and knowledge creation, measured with items 13 to 16; 2.2) creative thinking, measured with item 23; and 2.3) leadership, measured with items 17 to 22.
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