Mode of Coffee Production for Farmers in Ban Khuan Khey Rad, Songkhla

Abstract

This article aims to study mode of coffee production for farmers in Ban Khuan Khey Rad. It is based on a field research focusing on local farmers who plant coffee trees in Ban Khuan Khey Rad village, Patong subdistrict, Hatyai district, Songkhla province. The research methodology employs qualitative data collection methods covered general observation, in-depth interview and brainstorming. The research key informants are 20 persons recruited by purposive sampling. The research findings are derived by conventional content analysis and triangulation method. Regarding mode of coffee production, it is found that local farmers are most likely to focus on the principle of (1) Multilayer cropping system, an integrated agricultural system in which four to five different crops which mature at different height are growing on the same plot at a time. In this research, farmers grow Robusta coffee trees under shadow of Velvet tamarinds, Durians, and Longkongs; (2) Elaborate agriculture, the so-called “Kasetpranit”, a smart agricultural activity with an unfixable pattern. In this research, farmers manage the use of a small land for productivity. Coffee, a new arrival crop, could be cultivated without increasing a land plot; (3) Natural farming, emphasizing organic matters and rain water to enhance the vitality of the soil and enrich its inherent power; (4) Sufficiency, a method of development based on having enough to live on and to live for. In this research, farmers keep some coffee for their own consumption to reduce household expenses and the surplus is sold to increase revenue without expecting excessive profit; (5) Self-reliance, highlighting the use of manual labor, local wisdom, and the resources available in the area. All these principles are arguably platform for farmer’s career stability and sustainable development.