Developing Military Psychological Operations: Strategic Guidelines and Competency Building in the Context of National Security Perspectives

Abstract

This article analyzes military psychological operations (PSYOP) to propose strategic approaches and strengthen operational competencies for building mutual understanding, trust, and reduced suspicion between the armed forces and civilians, particularly in conflict-prone areas. Drawing lessons from the First Naval Area Command of the Royal Thai Navy, the study applies a national security lens in combination with persuasion theory, strategic cooperation theory, and concepts of image management and communication to synthesize actionable guidance for PSYOP that advances national security. Findings indicate that PSYOP can tangibly foster understanding, cooperation, and civic consciousness on national security through public outreach, training programs, environmental conservation initiatives, maritime disaster management, and the creation and development of civic networks in partnership with civil society. Beyond security outcomes, PSYOP can serve as an instrument for sustainable social development. Strategic recommendations for enhancing competencies are as follows: (1) promote integration with civilian sectors; (2) reorient roles from directive messaging to persuasive, participatory engagement; (3) strengthen the military’s image as a development partner; (4) update PSYOP knowledge and personnel competencies to address emerging threats; (5) align communication strategies with national security policies and objectives; and (6) institutionalize field-based evaluation and learning mechanisms. Overall, the development of PSYOP should proceed systemically to function as a conflict-mitigation tool in order to build understanding, holistic security, and sustainable peace.