Integrative Buddhist Approach to Quality of Life Enhancing through the Law of Kamma in the Petavatthu

Abstract

The research titled “Integrative Buddhist approach to quality of Life Enhancement through the Law of Kamma in the Petavatthu” aims to (1) examine the principles of quality of life development in Buddhism and Abraham Maslow’s humanistic theory, (2) explore the doctrinal essence of kamma in the Petavatthu, and (3) propose an integrated Buddhist approach for life enhancement rooted in karmic insight. This is a qualitative study employing textual analysis and in-depth interviews with scholars.

The findings reveal that the Buddhist law of kamma constitutes a rational system intricately linking actions to consequences, directly and indirectly influencing human behavior. The Petavatthu illustrates karmic outcomes through narratives of pretas (hungry ghosts) and related individuals, affirming that postmortem existence proceeds according to the moral force of past actions. When juxtaposed with Maslow’s theory, both frameworks emphasize physical and psychological well-being; however, Buddhism transcends Maslow’s secular model by orienting quality of life toward Lokuttara—liberation from suffering as the ultimate goal.

Expert interviews affirm that a proper understanding of kamma fosters self-awareness, clarity of life purpose, personal accountability, and mindful coping with adversity. Recognizing that past negative deeds can be transformed through present wholesome actions alleviates distress and empowers moral agency. Integrating karmic principles with contemporary psychological insights thus provides a holistic framework for sustainable life development—materially, socially, mentally, and spiritually. This integration is guided by the principles of kamma, holistic development, and life satisfaction, as conceptualized in the KDC Model formulated from this research.