กลยุทธ์ในการบริหารทรัพยากรมนุษย์สำหรับบรรษัทข้ามชาติที่มีธุรกิจและสินค้าหลากหลาย: กรณีศึกษาของบริษัท ไมเนอร์ อินเตอร์เนชั่นแนล จำกัด (มหาชน)
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ธ.ค. 21, 2018
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บรรษัทข้ามชาติ กลยุทธ์ในการบริหารทรัพยากรมนุษย์ การบริหารทรัพยากรมนุษย์ตามสถานการณ์ การบริหารทรัพยากรมนุษย์ตามแนวปฏิบัติที่ดีที่สุด
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บทคัดย่อ
งานวิจัยชิ้นนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อวิเคราะห์ว่า บรรษัทข้ามชาติที่มีธุรกิจและสินค้าหลากหลายมีกลยุทธ์ในการบริหารทรัพยากรมนุษย์อย่างไร เพื่อให้ประสบความสำเร็จทั้งในระดับชาติและในระดับนานาชาติ โดยใช้วิธีวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพในรูปแบบของกรณีศึกษาของเครือไมเนอร์กรุ๊ป ซึ่งหมายรวมถึง บริษัท ไมเนอร์ อินเตอร์เนชั่นแนล จำกัด (มหาชน) และบริษัทอื่น ๆ ในเครือ ผลการศึกษาสรุปว่า บรรษัทข้ามชาติที่มีธุรกิจและสินค้าหลากหลายมีการปรับกลยุทธ์และแนวปฏิบัติในการบริหารทรัพยากรมนุษย์ให้สอดคล้องกับกลยุทธ์ทางธุรกิจ ประเภทธุรกิจหรือประเภทสินค้าอย่างเหมาะสม หรือกล่าวได้ว่า กลยุทธ์และแนวปฏิบัติในการบริหารทรัพยากรมนุษย์รูปแบบใดรูปแบบหนึ่งเพียงรูปแบบเดียวอาจไม่สามารถนำไปใช้กับธุรกิจหรือสินค้าหลาย ๆ ประเภทในองค์การเดียวกันได้ ทั้งนี้ การดำเนินการดังกล่าวก็เพื่อให้องค์การนั้นสามารถปรับกลยุทธ์และแนวปฏิบัติในการบริหารทรัพยากรมนุษย์ในด้านต่าง ๆ ให้สอดคล้องกับลักษณะของตัวธุรกิจหรือสินค้าแต่ละประเภท อันจะทำให้แต่ละหน่วยธุรกิจที่ดูแลธุรกิจหรือสินค้าแต่ละประเภทสามารถสรรหา คัดเลือก พัฒนา และรักษาไว้ซึ่งพนักงานที่มีคุณภาพได้ในระยะยาว และจะนำมาซึ่งความสำเร็จของตัวธุรกิจทั้งในระดับชาติและระดับนานาชาติ โดยผลการศึกษาดังกล่าวสนับสนุนแนวคิดของการบริหารทรัพยากรมนุษย์ตามสถานการณ์มากกว่าการบริหารทรัพยากรมนุษย์ตามแนวปฏิบัติที่ดีที่สุด
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References
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22. Lengnick-Hall, C. A. and Lengnick-Hall, M. L. (1988). Strategic human resource management: A review of the literature and a proposed typology. Academy of Management Review, 13(3), 454-470.
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28. Napathorn, C. (2016). How do organizations recruit and select human resources (HR) when they internationalize business operations via cross-border Mergers and Acquisitions (M&As) Strategy?: A case study of TCC group. Journal of Business Administration, 150(April-June 2016), 1-21.
29. Naveekarn, S. (2008). Strategic management. Bangkok: Bannakij.
30. Panya, F. (2015). Human resources strategies after flood crisis: A case study of Nawanakhon industrial estate. Journal of Business, Economics and Communications, 10(1), 75-83.
31. Perlmutter, H. (1969). The tortuous evolution of the multinational corporation. Columbia Journal of World Business, 4(1), 9-18.
32. Porter, M. E. (1980). Competitive strategy. New York: Free Press.
33. Positioning Magazine. (2008). The Pizza Company VS Pizza Hut: Winner over the world number one. Retrieved November 15, 2017, from https://positioningmag.com/10902
34. Schuler, R. S. and Jackson, S. E. (1987a). Linking competitive strategies with human resource management practices. Academy of Management Executive, 1(3), 207-219.
35. Schuler, R. S. and Jackson, S. E. (1987b). Organizational strategy and organizational level as determinants of human resource management practices. Human Resource Planning, 10(3), 125-141.
36. Strauss, A. and Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of qualitative research (Vol. 15). Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
37. Sun, L. Y., Aryee, S. and Law, K. S. (2007). High-performance human resource practices, citizenship behavior and organizational performance: A relational perspective. Academy of Management Journal, 50(3), 558-577.
38. Thansettakij Online. (2015). Internationalization of S&P and minor group. Retrieved November 20, 2017 from, https://www.thansettakij.com/2015/11/09/17110
39. Wright, P. M. and McMahan, G. C. (1992). Theoretical perspectives on strategic human resource management. Journal of Management, 18(2), 295-320.
40. Wright, P. M., Smart, D. L. and McMahan, G. C. (1995). Matches between human resources and strategy among NCAA basketball teams. Academy of Management Journal, 38(4), 1052-1074.
41. Yin, R. K. (2014). Case study research: Design and methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
42. Youndt, M. A., Snell, S. A., Dean, J. W. and Lepak, D. P. (1996). Human resource management manufacturing strategy and firm performance. Academy of Management Journal, 39(4), 836-866.
2. Arthur, J. B. (1994). Effects of human resource systems on manufacturing performance and turnover. Academy of Management Journal, 37(3), 670-687.
3. Aryee, S., Walumbwa, F. O., Seidu, E. Y. and Otaye, L. E. (2012). Impact of high-performance work systems on individual-and branch-level performance: Test of a multilevel model of intermediate linkages. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97(2), 287-300.
4. Baird, L. and Meshoulam, I. (1988). Managing two fits of strategic human resource management. Academy of Management Review, 13(1), 116-128.
5. Bateman, T. S. and Snell, S. A. (2013). Management: Leading and collaborating in a competitive world. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin.
6. Batt, R. (2000). Strategic segmentation in front-line services: Matching customers, employees and human resource systems. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 11(3), 540-561.
7. Batt, R. (2002). Managing customer services: Human resource practices, quit rates and sales growth. Academy of Management Journal, 45(3), 587-597.
8. Briscoe, R. D., Schuler, S. R. and Claus, L. (2009). International human resource management: Policies and practices for multinational enterprises. New York: Routledge.
9. Chadwick, C., Way, S. A., Kerr, G. and Thacker, J. W. (2013). Boundary conditions of the high-investment human resource systems-small-firm labor productivity relationship. Personnel Psychology, 66(2), 311-343.
10. Collins, C. J. and Clark, K. D. (2003). Strategic human resource practices, top management team social networks and firm performance: The role of human resource practices in creating organizational competitive advantage. Academy of Management Journal, 46(6), 740-751.
11. Collins, C. J. and Smith, K. G. (2006). Knowledge exchange and combination: The role of human resource practices in the performance of high-technology firms. Academy of Management journal, 49(3), 544-560.
12. Combs, J., Liu, Y., Hall, A. and Ketchen, D. (2006). How much do high-performance work practices matter? A meta-analysis of their effects on organizational performance. Personnel Psychology, 59(3), 501-528.
13. Daft, R. (2012). Management (10th ed.). Nashville: South-Western College Publishing.
14. Delery, J. E. (1998). Issues of fit in strategic human resource management: Implications for research. Human Resource Management Review, 8(3), 289-309.
15. Edwards, T. and Rees, C. (2011). International structure and strategy in MNCs. In T. Edwards and C. Rees (Eds), International human resource management: Globalization, national systems and multinational companies. England: Pearson Education Limited.
16. Evans, W. R. and Davis, W. D. (2005). High-performance work systems and organizational performance: The mediating role of internal social structure. Journal of Management, 31(5), 758-775.
17. Ghoshal, S. and Barlett, C. (1998). Managing across borders: The transnational solution. London: Hutchinson.
18. Hedlund, G. (1986). The hypermodern MNC. Human Resource Management, 25(1), 9-36.
19. Huselid, M. A. (1995). The impact of human resource management practices on turnover, productivity and corporate financial performance. Academy of Management Journal, 38(3), 635-672.
20. Jiang, K., Lepak, D. P., Hu, J. and Baer, J. C. (2012). How does human resource management influence organizational outcomes? A meta-analytic investigation of mediating mechanisms. Academy of Management Journal, 55(6), 1264-1294.
21. Jiang, K., Takeuchi, R. and Lepak, D. P. (2013). Where do we go from here? New perspectives on the black box in strategic HRM research. Journal of Management Studies, 50(8), 1448-1480.
22. Lengnick-Hall, C. A. and Lengnick-Hall, M. L. (1988). Strategic human resource management: A review of the literature and a proposed typology. Academy of Management Review, 13(3), 454-470.
23. MacDuffie, J. P. (1995). Human resource bundles and manufacturing performance: Organizational logic and flexible production systems in the world auto industry. ILR Review, 48(2), 197-221.
24. Manager Online. (2014). “William E. Heinecke” An American citizen with Thai nationality: Owner of ten-thousand million baht minor group. Retrieved November 2, 2017, from https://www.manager.co.th/CelebOnline/ViewNews.aspx?NewsID=9570000019858
25. Miller, D. (1986). Configurations of strategy and structure: Towards a synthesis. Strategic Management Journal, 7(3), 233-249.
26. Minor International. (2017). History and background of Minor International Public Company Limited. Retrieved November 2, 2017, from https://www.minorinternational.com/ About/History.php
27. Minor Group. (2017). Background of Minor Group. Retrieved November 2, 2017, from https://www.minorinternational.com/About/OrganizationChart.php
28. Napathorn, C. (2016). How do organizations recruit and select human resources (HR) when they internationalize business operations via cross-border Mergers and Acquisitions (M&As) Strategy?: A case study of TCC group. Journal of Business Administration, 150(April-June 2016), 1-21.
29. Naveekarn, S. (2008). Strategic management. Bangkok: Bannakij.
30. Panya, F. (2015). Human resources strategies after flood crisis: A case study of Nawanakhon industrial estate. Journal of Business, Economics and Communications, 10(1), 75-83.
31. Perlmutter, H. (1969). The tortuous evolution of the multinational corporation. Columbia Journal of World Business, 4(1), 9-18.
32. Porter, M. E. (1980). Competitive strategy. New York: Free Press.
33. Positioning Magazine. (2008). The Pizza Company VS Pizza Hut: Winner over the world number one. Retrieved November 15, 2017, from https://positioningmag.com/10902
34. Schuler, R. S. and Jackson, S. E. (1987a). Linking competitive strategies with human resource management practices. Academy of Management Executive, 1(3), 207-219.
35. Schuler, R. S. and Jackson, S. E. (1987b). Organizational strategy and organizational level as determinants of human resource management practices. Human Resource Planning, 10(3), 125-141.
36. Strauss, A. and Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of qualitative research (Vol. 15). Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
37. Sun, L. Y., Aryee, S. and Law, K. S. (2007). High-performance human resource practices, citizenship behavior and organizational performance: A relational perspective. Academy of Management Journal, 50(3), 558-577.
38. Thansettakij Online. (2015). Internationalization of S&P and minor group. Retrieved November 20, 2017 from, https://www.thansettakij.com/2015/11/09/17110
39. Wright, P. M. and McMahan, G. C. (1992). Theoretical perspectives on strategic human resource management. Journal of Management, 18(2), 295-320.
40. Wright, P. M., Smart, D. L. and McMahan, G. C. (1995). Matches between human resources and strategy among NCAA basketball teams. Academy of Management Journal, 38(4), 1052-1074.
41. Yin, R. K. (2014). Case study research: Design and methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
42. Youndt, M. A., Snell, S. A., Dean, J. W. and Lepak, D. P. (1996). Human resource management manufacturing strategy and firm performance. Academy of Management Journal, 39(4), 836-866.