Para-rubber Farmer’s Household Livelihoods in Three Southern Border Provinces: A Case Study of Para-rubber and Fruit Production System

Abstract

This research aims to analyze a para-rubber and fruit production system of para-rubber farmer households, and look into their household livelihood in three southern border provinces. The samples were forty para-rubber farmers having the para-rubber and fruit production system. Descriptive statistics, an agricultural production system concept and sustainable livelihood framework were employed to analyze the data. The results showed that the main objective of the para-rubber and fruit production system was to be as the main occupation of the households. The trend most affecting the para-rubber farmers’ household livelihoods was the change in natural resources and environment. Their household livelihood assets were overall at a low level. Most para-rubber farmer households gained supports from the related government agencies. The key livelihood strategy of the para-rubber farmer households was financial management. The para-rubber farmers’ household livelihood outcomes were overall at a low level.