ดนตรีชาติพันธุ์: การอนุรักษ์และสืบทอดเพื่อส่งเสริมการท่องเที่ยวจังหวัดสกลนคร

Abstract

The purposes of this qualitative research were to: 1) create databases of ethnic tourism in Sakon Nakhon, 2) to transfer knowledge to students,networking schools and general public in Sakon Nakhon Province, and 3) to conserve and transmit traditional music of Yor, Phu Thai, Yoi, So, Kalerng, and Thai lao  in Sakon Nakhon Province. The population for this study consisted of 357 participants, categorizing into three groups: 1) Key informants included music educators, culture and tourism educators, and local wisdom scholars, 2) Casual informants consisted of musical instrument makers, Mor Khaen, Mor Lum, artists, and culture and tourism officers, and 3) General informants consisted of handlers, audience and tourists. The findings were as follows:

            The databases of ethnic tourism have been set up. Currently, the Thai government has provided support to promote tourism, such as the Innovative Way Project, the Sciences of the King's Project through network agencies, to encourage community strength in terms of economy and the upgrading of cultural tourism. Communities actively began developing websites and using QR code through social Facebook and LINE, which allowed the users easy access for better communication and disseminating outstanding music performance. The research result also found that knowledge transfer to students in networking schools and general public in Sakon Nakhon Province was processed through collaboration among local agencies by inviting teachers, local wisdom scholars, and teachers from educational institutions to create short-term music courses. The knowledge transmission was also through oral tradition and included using Thai musical notes for instruction in schools. The patterns of instrumental music for entertainment contained music instruments, including Pin, Khaen, Ponglang, Klong hang, Klong seng, Charb lek, Charb Yai, and Phang had, with the main patterns (Lai) of Lai Toei, Lai Lam Ploen, Lai Seng, Lai Lao Toob, and Lai Phutai. The music instrument used for rituals was Khaen, which was the main instrument. Lai Phutai Noi was performed to corresponding to the volume of female, a ritual practitioner. In terms of conservation and transmission, learning centers were established in the communities by public organizations such as the Sub-District Administrative Organization and District Schools with teachers and local wisdom scholars as transferrers.