การจัดการขยะอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ในเขตพัฒนาพิเศษภาคตะวันออกของประเทศไทย: ความท้าทาย โอกาส และผลกระทบ ELECTRONIC WASTE MANAGEMENT OF EASTERN ECONOMIC CORRIDOR IN THAILAND: CHALLENGE, OPPORTUNITY, AND IMPACT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14456/jem.2020.7คำสำคัญ:
ความท้าทาย, การจัดการขยะอิเล็กทรอนิกส์, เขตพัฒนาพิเศษภาคตะวันออกบทคัดย่อ
บทความนี้ เพื่อศึกษายุทธศาสตร์ นโยบาย แผน และกฎหมายต่าง ๆ ที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการจัดการขยะอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ของประเทศไทยและเขตพัฒนาพิเศษภาคตะวันออก จังหวัดฉะเชิงเทรา ชลบุรี และระยอง (EEC) ตั้งแต่ปี พ.ศ. 2559 จนถึงปัจจุบัน และวิเคราะห์ร่วมกับสถานการณ์ ปัญหาและอุปสรรค และผลกระทบที่ผ่านมาจากการจัดการขยะอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ในพื้นที่ เพื่อหาแนวทางหรือมาตรการในการป้องกันและแก้ไขปัญหาการจัดการขยะอิเล็กทรอนิกส์สำหรับพื้นที่ EEC 3 จังหวัด ในอนาคต ตามกรอบแนวคิด PSR (Pressure-State-Response) ผลการศึกษาพบว่า แนวทางการจัดการขยะอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ที่มีประสิทธิภาพและประสิทธิผล ควรเป็นการจัดการแบบโลจิสติกส์ย้อนรอย (revese logistics) โดยป้องกันหรือลดที่แหล่งกำเนิดก่อน ได้แก่ การมีนโยบายหรือแผนงานการบริหารจัดการขยะอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ในพื้นที่แบบเบ็ดเสร็จ การให้ประชาชนและชุมชนเข้ามามี
ส่วนร่วมตั้งแต่จุดเริ่มต้นของการเกิดขยะอิเล็กทรอนิกส์
การเสริมสร้างขีดความสามารถขององค์กรปกครองส่วนท้องถิ่น (อปท.) ในการจัดการขยะอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ การพัฒนาฐานข้อมูลขยะอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ การวิจัยและพัฒนาขยะอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ เพื่อนำไปสู่นวัตกรรมใหม่ ๆ จึงเป็นความท้าทายและโอกาส ต้องพัฒนาและปรับปรุงนโยบาย กฎหมาย แผนงาน และมาตรการในการจัดการขยะอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ ให้มีความทันสมัยและปฏิบัติได้รวมทั้งต้องอาศัยความร่วมมือของทุกภาคส่วนทั้งภาครัฐ ภาคเอกชน และภาคประชาชนในพื้นที่ เพื่อลดผลกระทบต่อสิ่งแวดล้อมและสุขภาพของประชาชนจากการจัดการขยะอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ที่ไม่ถูกหลักวิชาการ
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Subongkot, S. (2019). Legal measures on management of waste from electrical and electronic equipments, case study : televesion waste management. Graduate Law Journal. 12(3). 550-560.
Sukhoyachai, W. (2019). Legal measures concerning electronic waste management in local adminisstrative organization. Ph.D. in Social Sciences Journal (special issues October 2018). 14-26. doi: 10.14456/phdssj.2018.37.
Thairath. (2019). Olympic Games Tokyo 2020. Retrieved December 2, 2019 from, https://www.thairath.co.th/news/foreign/1495945
Vanssanadumrongdee, S. (2015). Siuation of electronic waste problem. Environmental Journal. 19(3). 1-17.
Vanssanadumrongdee, S., Tanwattana, P., & Damronsiri, S. (2015). A survey of environmental impact of an electronic waste dismantling community in Bangkok. Journal of Environmental Mangement. 11 (2). 4-23.
Vanssanadumrongdee, S. (2019). Environmental news: Announcing the names of recycling plants that received a plaque from the Department of Industrial Works under the project to increas efficiency of the sorting plant and the recycling plant for waste from electrical and electronic equipment , Fiscal year 2018. Environmental Journal. 23(1). 1-2.
Buranasing, N. (2016). Background note for electronic waste. Bangkok : The Secretariat of the House of Representatives.
Bureau of Registralation Administration, Department of Provincial Administration. (2019). Population of the Chachoengsao, Chonburi, and Rayong provivnces as of December 2018. Retrieved from http://stat.dopa.go.th/stat/statnew/upstat_age.php
Carter, C, R., & Ellarm, L.M. (1988). Reverse logistics: a review of the literature and framework for future investigation. Journal of Business Logistics. 19 (1), 85-102.
Country reform plan. (2018). (6 April 2018) . Government Gazette. Book 135, Section 24 a
Dalynews. (2019). Concrete from electronic waste. Retrieved December 2, 2019 from, https://tu.ac.th/uploads/media/clipping62/feb62/17-02-62.pdf
Eastern Economic Corridor Policy committee. (2018a). Executive summary report of development plan for Eastern Economic Corridor (2017-2022). November 2018.
Eastern Economic Corridor Policy committee. (2018b). Overall landuse plan . August 2018.
Eastern Special Development Zone Act B.E. 2561 (2018). (14 May 2018). Government Gazette. Book 135, Section 34 a
Electronic waste drop off points at AIS SHOP eastern region. (2019). Retrieved December 2, 2019 from, https://ewastethailand.com/
Kamolsawat, C. (2011). Future business…which was hated. Executive Journal. 31 (2). 146-151.
Kokkinaki, A. I., Dekker, R., Koster, M. B. M. D., &Pappis , C. (2001). From e-trash to e-treasure: how value can be created by the new e-business models for reverse logistric (No. EI 2000-32A). Retrieved December 2, 2019 from, https://hdl.handle.net/1756/1662
Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment. (2018a). Draft of environmental plan in Eastern Economic Corridor area for meeting on 24 January 2018 at Chonburi province.
Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment. (2018b). Guidelines for solid waste and hazardous waste management at the areal level. Nonthaburi: Regional Environment Office 16 (Nonthaburi).
Ministry of Public Health and Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment. (2017). The third National Health and Environmental Strategic Plan 2017-2021. Bangkok: Center for Academic Service, Srinakharinwirot University
Ministry of the Interior. (2019). Action plan for municipal solid waste management “ Clean Province” Year 2019. Bangkok : Author.
Nakornjuntra, C. & Sopa, S. (2018). Problem of enforcement law of environment relating to e-waste management in thailand. Journal of Pacific Institute of Management Science Humanities and Social Sciences. 4(1). 241-259.
National Science and Technology Development Agency. (2017). Feasibility Study for Establishment of Special Economic Promotion Zones, Eastern Economic Corridor of Innovation. Ministry of Science and Technology.
Office of Industrial Economics. (2017). 10 Targeted industries: mechanism to drive economy for the future. Bangkok : Ministry Of Industry.
Office of Industrial Economics. (2018). Report on industrial economics status for 2017 and outlook for 2018. Bangkok : Author.
Office of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy and Planning. (2017). Environmental Quality Management plan
2017 – 2021. Bangkok: Author.
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (1997).
Phuphisut, O. & Sangrajang, S. (2010). Electronic waste and hazardous substances. Thai Journal of Toxicology. 25 (13), 67-76.
Pollution Control Department. (2017a). Situation of municipal hazardous waste report 2017. Bangkok: Waste and Hazadous Substances Management Bureau, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment.
Pollution Control Department. (2017b). Thailand Master Plan on Solid Waste Management for 2016-2021. Bangkok: Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment.
Pollution Control Department. (2018a). (Draft) 20-year Master Plan for prevention and solution of pollution from solid waste and hazardous waste (2018- 2037), Listen to the opinions. Bangkok: Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment.
Pollution Control Department. (2018b). Draft Act on the Management of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment and Other End-of-Life Products, B.E. …. , approved by the National Legislative Assembly on 27 August 2018 Retrived from http://www.pcd.go.th/file/Draft-PCD-20180831-1.pdf .
Pollution Control Department. (2019a). Thailand State of Pollution Report 2018. Bangkok: Style Creative House Co., Ltd.
Pollution Control Department. (2019b). Report on Status of solid waste disposal sites in Thailand 2018. Bangkok:
Waste and Hazadous Substances Management Bureau, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment.
Pollution Control Department and Thailand Environment Institute. (2019, June). Document for the seminar meeting to listen opinions and suggestions for the draft state of environmental quality report 2019. Rama Gardens Hotel, Bangkok.
Pramanpon, P., Engprasan, S. & Lamlerd, W. (2016). The electronic waste management. Sripatum Chonburi Journal. 12 (5). 125-135.
Pramanpon, P., Nimnoi, S. & Suwandamrongchai, R. (2019). Legal measures of waste electrical and electronic equipment management in Thailand. Rajabhat Rambhai Barni Research Journal. 13(2). 111-118.
Reginal Environment Office 13 (Chonburi). 2017. Eastern region state of environmental quality report 2016. Chonburi: Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment.
Reginal Environment Office 13 (Chonburi). (2018). Eastern region state of environmental quality report 2016. Chonburi: Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment.
Reginal Environment Office 13 (Chonburi). (2019). Eastern region state of environmental quality report 2016. Chonburi: Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment.
Subongkot, S. (2019). Legal measures on management of waste from electrical and electronic equipments, case study : televesion waste management. Graduate Law Journal. 12(3). 550-560.
Sukhoyachai, W. (2019). Legal measures concerning electronic waste management in local adminisstrative organization. Ph.D. in Social Sciences Journal (special issues October 2018). 14-26. doi: 10.14456/phdssj.2018.37.
Thairath. (2019). Olympic Games Tokyo 2020. Retrieved December 2, 2019 from, https://www.thairath.co.th/news/foreign/1495945
Vanssanadumrongdee, S. (2015). Siuation of electronic waste problem. Environmental Journal. 19(3). 1-17.
Vanssanadumrongdee, S., Tanwattana, P., & Damronsiri, S. (2015). A survey of environmental impact of an electronic waste dismantling community in Bangkok. Journal of Environmental Mangement. 11 (2). 4-23.
Vanssanadumrongdee, S. (2019). Environmental news: Announcing the names of recycling plants that received a plaque from the Department of Industrial Works under the project to increas efficiency of the sorting plant and the recycling plant for waste from electrical and electronic equipment , Fiscal year 2018. Environmental Journal. 23(1). 1-2.
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2020-04-28
How to Cite
ชลิดา เหนี่ยวบุบผา C. N., วิสาขา ภู่จินดา W. P., & ธวัชชัย ศุภดิษฐ์ T. S. (2020). การจัดการขยะอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ในเขตพัฒนาพิเศษภาคตะวันออกของประเทศไทย: ความท้าทาย โอกาส และผลกระทบ ELECTRONIC WASTE MANAGEMENT OF EASTERN ECONOMIC CORRIDOR IN THAILAND: CHALLENGE, OPPORTUNITY, AND IMPACT . วารสารการจัดการสิ่งแวดล้อม, 16(1), 134–161. https://doi.org/10.14456/jem.2020.7
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