Tai Loei Myths of Towns and Social Practices related to Ethnic Consciousness

Abstract

The objective of this research was to study the myths of towns told by Tai Loei people. The myths were used as a cultural tool to develop social practices for the cultivation of the people’s ethnic consciousness. The focus was on local myths told in Dansai district, Chiangkhan district, and Wangsaphung district since they were old communities where myths influenced the local people’s cultural ways of life, such as oral and written traditions widely known in the areas. Findings revealed that ethnic consciousness was applied for education and better understanding of Tai Loei myths, and it was found that this consciousness played a role in mentally strengthening relationships among group members. The myths illustrated that the Tai Loei community in ancient times had assumptions about their ancestors’ migration and ancient towns, and they were told through rituals and social practices. They informed about the establishments of Say-Lai town, Chiangkhan town, and Pak-Hueng town, and illustrated the expansion of their ethnic group and maintenance of their social relationships. Other myths about rulers and kings served as other tools in the political formation of ethnic consciousness in the Tai Loei group. Myths about Chao Fah Rom Khao and King Chaiyajakra-bhadhi Phan-Phaew, cultural leaders of the towns, were found. It was believed that these heroes were members of the royal family during the period of the ancient Lao Luang Phra Bang, leading Tai Loei ancestors to settle down in the areas of Dansai district, Chiangkhan district, and Wangsaphung district, and develop into the present Tai Loei community.