“กลิ่น” ในฐานะสื่อศิลปะ: กรณีศึกษากลิ่นกับวัฒนธรรมและการสร้างพื้นที่ในงานศิลปะจัดวาง ของมณเฑียร บุญมา และ เออร์เนสโต เนโต

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ธนิษฐา นันทาพจน์
พิษณุ ศุภนิมิตร
ชัยยศ อิษฎ์วรพันธุ์

บทคัดย่อ

เมื่อ “กลิ่น” ถูกนำมาใช้เป็นสื่อในการทำงานศิลปะ ศิลปินใช้กลิ่นแสดงประเด็นความคิดอย่างไรและถ่ายทอดเป็นผลงานสร้างสรรค์ในลักษณะใดได้บ้าง ข้อสงสัยนี้นำไปสู่การค้นคว้าหาข้อมูลที่มีจุดมุ่งหมายเพื่อศึกษาเกี่ยวกับงานศิลปะร่วมสมัยของศิลปินที่ใช้ “กลิ่น” มาเป็นสื่อเพื่อสร้างพื้นที่ทางความรู้สึกในลักษณะศิลปะจัดวาง ได้แก่ มณเฑียร บุญมา และ เออร์เนสโต เนโต โดยพิจารณาจากวัสดุหรือวัตถุที่ทำให้เกิดกลิ่น ที่มากับความหมายของกลิ่นในพื้นที่บรรยากาศแวดล้อม การติดตั้งนำเสนอเพื่อสร้างประสบการณ์การรับรู้ให้กับผู้ดูมากกว่างานศิลปะในลักษณะทั่วไป ผลจากการศึกษาพบว่าศิลปินนำกลิ่นมาเป็นสื่อในการสร้างสรรค์โดยมีประเด็นที่มา ดังนี้ 1) กลิ่นจากความทรงจำในแบบปัจเจกบุคคลของศิลปิน 2) กลิ่นเฉพาะจากวัฒนธรรม ประเพณีพิธีกรรม ความเชื่อที่เป็นประสบการณ์รับกลิ่นแบบร่วมของศิลปินและผู้ชม และ 3) ความเป็นสากลของกลิ่น ในมิติที่สะท้อนถึงการมีปฏิสัมพันธ์ การรับรู้ร่วมกันถึงบรรยากาศหรือสถานการณ์ ผ่านการสูดดมผ่านลมหายใจในรูปแบบของงานสร้างสรรค์ ถึงแม้ว่าศิลปินทั้ง 2 จะมีความแตกต่างทางวัฒนธรรม เชื้อชาติ และศาสนา แต่ได้แสดงให้เห็นลักษณะร่วมที่เกี่ยวกับการนำ “กลิ่น” มาเป็นสื่อทางศิลปะ โดยอาศัยเอกลักษณ์เฉพาะจากวัสดุที่มีความหมาย.มีกลิ่นอายของความทรงจำร่วมในวัฒนธรรม ที่ถูกหยิบยกมาสร้างสรรค์ผ่านมุมมองของความเป็นศิลปิน

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