DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC COMPETENCIES IN EXPLAINING PHENOMENA SCIENTIFICALLY BY SITUATIONS AND PROBLEMS-BASED LEARNING IN THE TOPIC OF THE WORLD AND CHANGE OF GRADE 8 STUDENTS

Abstract

The purposes of this research were 1) to study approaches to organizing learning by using situation and problem-based learning in the world and changes to develop scientific competency  in explaining phenomena scientifically for grade 8 students and 2) to study the results of developing of scientific competencies in explaining phenomena scientifically by organizing learning using situation and problem-based learning in the world and changes for grade 8 students. The target group was 41 students in grade 8, semester 2, academic year 2023, at a high school in Bangkok. The tools used in the research included 4 learning plans and a science competency test for explaining phenomena scientifically. Data were analyzed qualitatively, including content analysis, and quantitatively, including mean and standard deviation. The research results found that the approach to situation and problem-based learning was as follows: 1) Presenting problems from interesting situations, 2) Understanding the problem by using questions, 3) Providing opportunities for students to research and find solutions to various problems, 4) Synthesizing and collecting data, and 5) Presenting and evaluating student performance. The scientific explanation of phenomena according to competency components was at very good level ( = 6.74, S.D. = 0.82)