กลวิธีส่งเสริมทักษะการเรียนรู้ไวยากรณ์ภาษาอังกฤษด้วยการสอนโดยเน้นการสังเกตรูปภาษาในบริบท
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บทคัดย่อ
บทความนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อนำเสนอกลวิธีส่งเสริมทักษะการเรียนรู้ไวยากรณ์ภาษาอังกฤษโดยเน้นการสังเกตรูปภาษาในบริบท (Form-focused instruction : FFI) ร่วมกับการประเมินตนเอง (Self-assessment) ตามแนวคิดสมมติฐานเรื่องการสังเกต (Noticing Hypothesis) เป็นการสร้างความตระหนักรู้ในรูปภาษาและไวยากรณ์อังกฤษให้กับผู้เรียน โดยผู้สอนสร้างความสนใจไปที่รูปภาษาและไวยากรณ์ที่กำหนดไว้ด้วยวิธีการสอนแบบ FFI จะทำให้ผู้เรียนสังเกตรูปภาษาและไวยากรณ์ในข้อมูลภาษาที่ได้รับซึ่งข้อมูลนั้นจะถูกนำไปเก็บไว้ในระบบความจำระยะสั้นและเมื่อมีการทบทวนหรือใช้ข้อมูลซ้ำ ๆ ด้วยการจัดกิจกรรมที่ส่งเสริมให้ผู้เรียนตั้งใจสังเกตรูป/ลักษณะภาษาและไวยากรณ์ที่กำหนด ข้อมูลจะถูกส่งต่อไปเก็บไว้ในระบบความจำระยะยาวเพื่อเตรียมพร้อมสำหรับใช้เมื่อต้องการสื่อสารต่อไป นอกจากนี้การฝึกให้มีทักษะและประสบการณ์การประเมินผลการเรียนรู้ตนเองโดยให้ผู้เรียนได้ประเมินงานของตนเองและแก้ไขให้ถูกต้องตามเกณฑ์การประเมินที่กำหนดมากกว่าหนึ่งครั้ง ตลอดจนให้ข้อมูลย้อนกลับสะท้อนผลการเรียนรู้และนำไปพัฒนาตนเองจะสามารถสร้างทักษะการเรียนรู้และพัฒนาการเรียนรู้ไวยากรณ์ภาษาอังกฤษด้วยตนเองได้อย่างต่อเนื่อง
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