บทความวิจัย การพัฒนาแบบวัดการรับรู้ด้านคุณธรรมจริยธรรมและจิตใจที่ดีงาม สำหรับเด็กปฐมวัย สังกัดสำนักงานเขตพื้นที่การศึกษาประถมศึกษาหนองบัวลำภู เขต 2

Abstract

The aims of this research were: 1) to construct the test on the perception of ethics, morality, and kind heart for early childhood students; 2) to determine the effectiveness of the developed test; 3) to create a norm and a user manual of the developed test; and 4) to assess the quality of the perception test. The sampling group consisted of: 1) 310 third-year kindergarteners under the Nong Bua Lam Phu Primary Education Service Area Office 2, in the first semester of the academic year 2019, selected through multi-stage random sampling; and 2) 50 teachers working under the Nong Bua Lam Phu Primary Education Service Area Office 2, selected through simple random sampling. The research tools were: 1) the test with three-choice situational questions on ethics, morals, and kind heart; and 2) a quality evaluation of a user manual of the developed test. Statistics for data analysis included percentage, mean, and standard deviation.                                                                                   The findings were as follows:                                                                                                                                                 1. The test on the perception of ethics, morality, and kind heart for early childhood measuring behavioral characteristics consisted of four aspects with 20 indicators, namely 1) honesty, 2) kindness, generosity, and willingness to help and share, 3) Sympathy, and 4) Responsibility.                                                               2. The developed test comprised 20 items with the construct validity confirmed by five experts and had an index of item–objective congruence between 0.60 and 1.00, a discrimination index from 0.65 to 0.85, and the reliability of 0.96.                                                                                                                                                                           3. The norm of the developed test was in the range of T26–T48 and the developed user manual on the perception of ethics, morals and good mindset for early childhood students consisted of four aspects.                         4. The overall quality of the developed test which was assessed by teachers, as a whole was at a high level (= 4.38, = 0.20). When considering each aspect, all aspects were rated at a high level and ranged respectively: usefulness (= 4.50, = 0.28), followed by possibility (= 4.41, = 0.40), correctness (=4.32, = 0.40), and suitability (= 4.29, = 0.34).