ความเป็นผู้นำของสหภาพยุโรปในการต่อสู้กับการเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศโลก EUROPEAN UNION LEADERSHIP IN COMBATING GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14456/่jem.2017.6บทคัดย่อ
บทความฉบับนี้เป็นการวิเคราะห์บทบาทของสหภาพยุโรปในการเจรจาเกี่ยวกับการเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศในเวทีระดับโลก จากการศึกษาพบว่า สหภาพยุโรปพยายามแสดงบทบาทเป็นผู้นำในเวทีการเจรจาเกี่ยวกับประเด็นปัญหาการเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศโลก โดยใช้วิธีการ “ตัวอย่างนำวิถี” แสดงเป็นตัวอย่างให้แก่ประเทศอื่นๆ เห็นได้จากการกำหนดมาตรการและนโยบายต่างๆ ที่เกี่ยวข้อง และเป็นผู้ผลักดันให้พิธีสารเกียวโตได้รับการให้สัตยาบัน และพยายามแก้ปัญหาแบบบูรณาการ สร้างเอกภาพในจุดยืนร่วมกันในมวลหมู่สมาชิกสหภาพยุโรปด้วยกัน นอกจากนั้นยังพยายามเข้าไปมีอิทธิพลต่อประเทศที่สามอื่นๆ นอกสหภาพยุโรปในการผลักดันให้นโยบายที่ใช้ภายในสหภาพยุโรปนั้น ได้รับการยอมรับและนำไปปฏิบัติโดยทั่วกันในประเทศต่างๆ ทั่วโลกทั้งนี้ เป็นการสร้างความได้เปรียบเชิงนโยบาย ซึ่งอาจทำให้ประเทศที่สามนั้นจำต้องพึ่งพิงและผูกมัดตนเองเข้ากับนโยบายการค้าสิทธิการปล่อยก๊าชเรือนกระจกของสหภาพยุโรปเอง
This article aims to analyze the role of the European Union (EU) in combating global climate change. The study found that the European Union plays the leading role in global climate change negotiations by using the “leading by example approach”, as also seen in the case of other EU policies and measures. The EU is the main actor that strongly supports the enforcement of the Kyoto Protocol and advocates an integrated approach to combating the impacts of the global climate change, thus reinforcing the EU’s united position in the global climate change policy debate. The EU has also attempted to influence third countries, outside the EU, in terms of accepting and implementing an EU-wide climate policy framework, as a tactic to gain policy advantage. As a result, these non-EU countries have increased their dependency on and obligations to the EU Emissions Trading Scheme.
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