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Abstract

An articleentitled‘The Comparative Study of Ānāpānasati Meditation According to BuddhadāsaBhikkhu and S.N. Goenka Approach’ consists of 4 objectives as: 1) to studyprinciples of Ānāpānasati meditation practice in
Theravada Buddhism 2) to investigate the Ānāpānasati meditation practice in line with Venerable BuddhadāsaBhikkhu 3) to study the Ānāpānasati meditation practice of S.N. Goenka 4) to compare the Ānāpānasati meditation practice of BuddhadāsaBhikkhu and S.N. Goenka.
The research shows that Ānāpānasati Meditation in Theravada Buddhism appears in several places according to events, place and concern people. The Ānāpānasati is the one of the constant mindfulness meditation concerning on breath in and breath out. TheĀnāpānasatiSuttawas taught by the Buddha, it consists totally 16steps. In addition, the Buddha also described about the fruition of Ānāpānasati that ‘Monks, mindfulness of breathing in and out is of great fruit and of great benefit when cultivated and made much of. When cultivated and made much of, mindfulness of breathing in and breathing out brings the Four Applications of Mindfulness to fulfillment. When cultivated and made much of, the Four Applications of Mindfulness bring the Seven Factors of Awakening to fulfillment. When cultivated and made much of, the Seven Factors of Awakening bring Knowledge and Freedom to fulfillment.

The research shows that BuddhadāsaBhikkhu has his view point on Dukkha (sufferings), that they arise from self attachment and the greatest demand of human therefore, strive, struggle for the requirement. The path to eliminate those defilements, it needs to develop the meditation. Venerable BuddhadāsaBhikkhu presents the meditation by using breathing in and out, as called the Ānāpānasati. He presented the ĀnāpānasatiSutta in Tipitaka, which consists of 16 steps of practice, for better understanding, he gave more expand onthe details that the Ānāpānasati practice is the ordering system from the rough to the most delicate; for the ordinary people to the Arahanta - the Worthy One.

Regarding to S.N. Goenka’s view point on Dukkha (suffering), they arise from our wrong behavior that collect the strain more and more into subconscious then become to latent dispositions in the subconscious. The path to eliminate these latent dispositions is to develop the Vipassanā meditation by starting with Ānāpānasati practice for the primary peace of mind, then developing on Vedanā: feeling. Over long time sit in meditation, one should observe Dukkha-vedanā or the painful feeling as the Upekkhā-vedanā - neither-pleasant-nor-painful
feeling. One should observe these feeings with equanimity and without any the volitional formation. All feelings or Vedana, they are naturally accorded by the law of the Three Characteristics – arising, existing and decaying. If one observes with equanimity of every moment, then will be free from sufferings.

In case of the comparative study of Ānāpānasati Meditation according to BuddhasaBhikkhu and S. N. Goenga approach, it was found some different ideas of the path to eliminate of sufferings. Regarding to Venerable BuddhadāsaBhikkhu, he explained that the elimination of all attachments is the cessation of all sufferings while S.N. Goenka said that one must follow the Noble Eightfold Path by not to do any evil, to do good and to purify of mind. In case of the difference of meditation technique, BuddhadāsaBhikkhu
presented that we should work with non-selfish in daily life and develop the 16 steps of Ānāpānasati meditation and non attachment. While the S.N. Goenka meditation technique present that one should follow the Eightfold Noble Path