The Health Belief Model and Self-Care Behavior Influencing on Health Preventive Behavior in a Senior Club, Bangtoey Sub-District, Samphran District, Nakhon Pathom Province
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Abstract
This research was to study levels of individual beliefs based on Health Belief Model, levels of self-care behavior, levels of health preventive behavior and to study influential relationship between levels of Health Belief Model and levels of self-care behavior, and levels of health preventive behavior. This study is a quantitative research. A study population comprises of 231 seniors (aged 60 years old or above) in a senior club of Bangtoey sub-district, Nakhon Pathom Province. The researcher employed a questionnaire, synthesized from relevant literature. Obtained data were then analyzed by SPSS, based on a sample size of 197 seniors from a simple random sampling technique.
The findings revealed that most seniors were married female, with 71 years old, having a monthly income of 1,239 baht, on average. Most of them finished primary school. More than half of the participants (i.e., 51.30%) was classified into a ‘unhealthy’ condition group—which could be subcategorized into a self-assisted and a non self-assisted groups. Most seniors demonstrated high levels on Health Belief Model. Most of them have a ‘rarely practice’ level of self-care behavior, of which an environmental hygiene subcategory ranked first at ‘often’ level, while doing exercise subcategory ranked last at ‘rarely practice’ level. Regarding health preventive behavior, most seniors showed that they were at ‘often’ level, of which diabetes preventive behavior subcategory ranked first. The influential relationship by stepwise regression analysis of Health Belief Model and self-care behavior, and health preventive behavior revealed that there were positive influential variables on health preventive behavior: (1) self-care behaviors on environmental hygiene, (2) food, (3) emotion, and (4) Health Belief Model on perceived susceptibility. These four variables accounted for 50.10% of predictive power on health preventive behavior among seniors.
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