Analysis of Aptitudes, Aspirations, Capacities, and Resources for a Community-based Agritourism Establishment
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Published:
Aug 31, 2015
Keywords:
Agritourism Tourism Planning Community-based Tourism Sustainability
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Abstract
Agricultural landscape, rural vernacular landscape, and culturalheritage can be presented as an open air museum displaying culture onthe land by local people. Conservation of rural vernacular landscape,cultural landscape, and agriculture tradition has become the theme ofcommunity-based agritourism (CBAT); however the rural farmers’aptitudes, aspirations and the rural communities’ capacities and resourcesare a much-under researched topic. This study investigates the aptitudes,aspirations, expectations, capacities, and skills of rural farmers and theinfrastructure needs of three rural villages in the Chiangkhan Districtof Thailand as a prelude to the establishment of a community-basedagritourism. The survey data will explore the farmers’ understanding ofagritourism, their capacities to contribute, and their infrastructure interestswhich would essentially underwrite the setup of a CBAT. There aregood elements of natural resources, unique farm village heritage, selfsufficiencyfarming, traditional life, diversified farm products, wellintegratedfarm practices, and farmers’ knowledge and skills. Theseessential components serve as good foundations of starting a CBAT. Afurther discussion of agritourism elements, which may be applied in thelocality, is found to have a holistic and sustainable development of CBATprograms in these three rural villages.
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References
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Ohe, Y. and Ciani, A. (2014) Accesssing demand characteristics of agritourism in Italy. Tourism and Hospitality Management 18(2): 281-296.
Okon, D. P. and Nwosu, I. (2012) Understanding young adults aptitude in poultry enterprise. International Journal of Poultry Science 11(10): 658-665.
Pablo, A. G. and Jesús, F. F. (2013) Rural Development and Heritage Commons Management in Asturias (Spain): The Ecomuseum of Santo Adriano. Journal of Settlements and Spatial Planning 2: 245-253.
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Roling, N. and Jiggins, J. (1996) The Ecological knowledge system. In Technical and social systems approaches for sustainable rural development: Proceedings of the second European symposium of the association of farming systems, edited by Doppler, W., and Calatrava, J., pp. 242-246. Granada, Spain: Margraf Verlag.
Schilling, B. J., Attavanich, W. and Jin, Y. (2014) Western agricultural economics association does agritourism enhance farm profitability? Journal of Agricultural and Resource economics 39(1): 69-87.
Scowsill, D. (2013) The Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2013 Thailand. London, UK: World Travel & Tourism Council.
Sharpley, R. and Sharpley, J. (1997) Rural tourism: An introduction. Boston, MA: International Thomson Publishing Inc.
Slater, B. (1988) A study of characteristics of entrans to the hospitality industry thruogh fulltime tertiary education. International ournal of Hospitality Management 7(2): 113-115.
Srisomyong, N. (2010) Agricultural diversification into agritourism: The case of Thailand. International Journal of Agricultural Travel and Tourism 1(1): 107-118.
Satarat, N. (2010) Sustainable Management of Community Based Tourism in Thailand. Bangkok, Thailand: National Institute of Development Administration.
Suksri, P., Moriizumi, Y., Hondo, H. and Wake, Y. (2008) Sustainable agriculture in Thailand– An evaluation on the sustainability in ethanol production–. Digital Asia Building: Regional Strategy Design Platform.
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Wirudchawong, N. (2012) Policy on community tourism development in Thailand. Journal of Ritsumeikan Social Sciences and Humanities 4: 13-26.
Yamane, T. (1967) Statistics, An Introductory analysis, 2nd ed., New York, NY: Harper and Row.
Ayers, C. A., Dearden, P. and Rollins, R. (2012) An exploration of Hul’qumi’num Coast Salish peoples’ attitudes towards the establishment of no-take zones within marine protected areas in the Salish Sea, Canada. The Canadian Geographer / Le G ́eographe canadien 56(2): 260-274.
Bender, L. D., Hobbs, D. J. and Golden, J. F. (1967) Congruence between aspirations and capabilities of youth in a low-income rural area. Rural Sociolgy 32(3): 278-289.
Bennett, N. J. and Dearden, P. (2014) Why local people do not support conservation: Community perceptions of marine protected area livelihood impacts, governance and management in Thailand. Marine Policy 44: 107-116.
Boonratana, R. (2010) Community-based tourism in Thailand: The need and justification for an operational definition. The Kasetsart Journal: Social Science 31(2): 280-289.
Brayfield, A. H. and Marsh, M. M. (1957) Aptitudes, interests, and personality characteristics of farmers. Journal of Applied Psychology 41(2): 98-103.
Bruch, M. L. (2013) An Introduction to agritourism. Tennessee center for profitable agriculture, pp. 1-4. [Online URL: https://utextension.tennessee.edu/publications/Documents/PB1754_ch1.pdf] accessed on December 19, 2013.
Burr, S. W. and Petrtyl, B. R. (2011) Liability issues and agritourism development. Utah: Utah State University Cooperative Extension, pp.1-4. [Online URL: http://extension.usu.edu/files/publications/factsheet/IORT_027.pdf] accessed on December 20, 2013.
Colliver, A., Calder, M., Ryan, L., White, C. and Fien, J. (2010) Teaching and learning for a sustainable future - Module 15: Sustainable agriculture. Paris, France: UNESCO-World Heritage Centre.
Davis, P. and Corsane, G. (2014) Communities, heritage and new culture landscape. In New cultural landscapes, edited by M. Roe, and K. T., pp. 118-135. Abingdon UK: Routledge.
Dearden, P. and Manoawitr, P. (2011) Climate change-coral reefs and dive tourism in south-east Asia. In Disappearing destinations: climate change and future challenges for coastal tourism, edited by Jones, A. and Phillips, M. pp. 145-159. Wallingford, UK: CABI.
Google Maps. (2013) Chiangkhan district, Loei, Thailand with terrain. [Online URL: https://maps.google.com/maps?q=google.com&ie=UTF-8&ei=hqn1UujQL86pkQXAp4Bg&ved=0CAgQ_AUoAg] accessed on November 15, 2013.
Guzmán, T. L., Cañizares, S. S. and Pavón, V. (2011) Community-Based Tourism in Developing Countries: A Case Study. An International Multidisciplinary Journal of Tourism 6(1): 69- 84.
Hirokawa, S. (2010) Promoting sustainable agriculture development and farmer empowerment in northeast Thailand. In 4th Asian Rural Sociology Association (ARSA) International Conference, pp. 354-363. Legazpi City, Philippines: Asian Rural Sociology Association (ARSA).
Jitsanguan, T. (2001) Sustainable agriculture systems for small-scale farmers in Thailand: Implications for the environment.Bangkok: Kasetsart University: Food and Fertilizer Technology Center.
Khanal, B. R. and Babar, J. T. (2007) Community based ecotourism for sustainable tourism development in the Mekong region.Hanoi, Vietnam: CUTS Hanoi Resource Center.
Kizos, T. and Loaidiswa, T. (2007) The contradiction of agrotourism development in Greece: evidence from three case studies. South European Society and Politics 12(1): 59-77.
Kusterer, K. (1989) Small-farm attitudes and aspirations. U.S. Agency for International Development.
Lash, G. (1997) What is community-based ecotourism. Vermont, USA: The Ecotourism Society.
Lewis, J. B. (2001) Self-develped rural tourism: a method of sustainable torism development. In Tousim, recreation and sustainability: linking culture and the environment, edited by McCool, S. F. and Moisey, R. N., pp. 177-194. New York. NY: CABI Publishing.
Lichtfouse, E., Navarrete, M., Debaeke, P., Souchère, V., Alberola, C. and Ménassieu, J. (2009) Agronomy for sustainable agriculture: A review. In Sustainable agriculture, edited by E. Lichtfouse, M. Navarrete, P. Debaeke, V. Souchère, and C. Alberola, pp. 1-7. New York, NY: Springer.
Marques, H. (2006) Searching for complementarities between agriculture and tourism-the demarcated wine-producing regions of northern Portugal. Tourism Economics 12(1): 147-155.
Moncharoen, P., Vearsilip, T. and Eswaran, H. (2001) Land resources constraints for sustainable agriculture in Thailand. In Sustaining the global farm: 10th International Conservation Organization Meeting, pp. 179-185. West Lafayette, Indiana: Purdue University.
National Research Council. (2003) Attitudes, aptitudes, and aspirations of American youth: Implications for military recruitment. USA: National Academies Press.
Nelson, A. E. (2011) Leadership apitude. Leadership Excellence 28(3): 16-17.
Ohe, Y. (2006) Retired baby boomers as operators of sustainable rural tourism: the roles and significance. In Sustainable Tourism II, edited by Brebbia, C. and Pineda, F., pp. 251-260. Great Britain: WIT Press.
Ohe, Y. and Ciani, A. (2014) Accesssing demand characteristics of agritourism in Italy. Tourism and Hospitality Management 18(2): 281-296.
Okon, D. P. and Nwosu, I. (2012) Understanding young adults aptitude in poultry enterprise. International Journal of Poultry Science 11(10): 658-665.
Pablo, A. G. and Jesús, F. F. (2013) Rural Development and Heritage Commons Management in Asturias (Spain): The Ecomuseum of Santo Adriano. Journal of Settlements and Spatial Planning 2: 245-253.
Roberts, L. and Hall, D. (2001) Rural tourism and recreation: Principle to practice. New York, NY: CABI Publishing.
Roberts, L. and Hall, D. (2001) The Nature of supply or the supply of nature. In Rural tourism and recreation: principle to practice, pp.158-181. New York, NY: CABI Publishing.
Roling, N. and Jiggins, J. (1996) The Ecological knowledge system. In Technical and social systems approaches for sustainable rural development: Proceedings of the second European symposium of the association of farming systems, edited by Doppler, W., and Calatrava, J., pp. 242-246. Granada, Spain: Margraf Verlag.
Schilling, B. J., Attavanich, W. and Jin, Y. (2014) Western agricultural economics association does agritourism enhance farm profitability? Journal of Agricultural and Resource economics 39(1): 69-87.
Scowsill, D. (2013) The Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2013 Thailand. London, UK: World Travel & Tourism Council.
Sharpley, R. and Sharpley, J. (1997) Rural tourism: An introduction. Boston, MA: International Thomson Publishing Inc.
Slater, B. (1988) A study of characteristics of entrans to the hospitality industry thruogh fulltime tertiary education. International ournal of Hospitality Management 7(2): 113-115.
Srisomyong, N. (2010) Agricultural diversification into agritourism: The case of Thailand. International Journal of Agricultural Travel and Tourism 1(1): 107-118.
Satarat, N. (2010) Sustainable Management of Community Based Tourism in Thailand. Bangkok, Thailand: National Institute of Development Administration.
Suksri, P., Moriizumi, Y., Hondo, H. and Wake, Y. (2008) Sustainable agriculture in Thailand– An evaluation on the sustainability in ethanol production–. Digital Asia Building: Regional Strategy Design Platform.
Suansri, P. (2013) Community based tourism. Chiangmai: The Thailand Community Based Tourism Institute.
Suwanraks, R. (2000) Summary of discussion: The 1999 TDRI year-end conference “sufficiency economy”. TDRI Quarterly Review 15(1): 6-17.
Tourism Authority of Thailand. (2012) Agrotourism: Green travel in Thailand. Bangkok: Attractions Promotion Division and Product Promotion Department.
Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT). (2013) Community of Chiang Khan. [Online URL: http://thai.tourismthailand.org] accessed on December, 24, 2013.
The King, H. M. (2007) H. M. The King’s address delivered on his birthday anniversary on 4 December 1998. Bangkok, Thailand: Office of the National Economic and Social Development Board.
Walker, M. A. (2009) The definition. In Agritourism: Ideas and resources. Virginia, Virginia State, USA: Virginia Cooperative Extension.
Wikipedia. (2013) Isan. [Online URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isan ] accessed on December 10, 2013.
Wirudchawong, N. (2012) Policy on community tourism development in Thailand. Journal of Ritsumeikan Social Sciences and Humanities 4: 13-26.
Yamane, T. (1967) Statistics, An Introductory analysis, 2nd ed., New York, NY: Harper and Row.