The Study of Background Knowledge and Instructional Model Creation to Enhance Ability of Design Thinking for Students of Elementary Major

Abstract

        This research article is a part of the research named “Instructional Model Development to Enhance Ability of Design Thinking for Students of Elementary Major.” The objectives of the research article were 1) to study the background knowledge of instructional model development and 2) to develop instructional model. The target group consisted of Bachelor of Education Program in Elementary Education collegians and instructors, the supervising teachers, and the experts. The research instrument comprised information record form, questionnaire, interview form, instructional model, instructional model manual, and lesson plan. There were analyzing information by calculating mean ( ) and standard deviation (S.D.) and analyzing content. The results were as follows:
        1. The result of the study the background knowledge of instructional model development revealed that learning activities should enhance students to think creatively, receive some hands-on experience and keep self-development continually. In addition, the learning media should be contemporary, could integrate with any other subjects and could be in accord with student’s life and learning style. Besides, the measurement and assessment should focus on student’s leaning development and authentic assessment; furthermore, various methods of assessment should be applied.
        2. The result of instructional model development to enhance ability of design thinking for students of elementary major (2E3P Model) found five major components: 1) principle; 2) objective; 3) 5 learning management processes which are exploring and understanding (E), problem definition (P), product creation (P), pattern design (P), and evaluation and using (E); 4) the measurement and assessment; and applying condition