การศึกษาความสามารถในการแก้โจทย์ปัญหาการบวกและการลบ โดยใช้กระบวนการแก้ปัญหาตามแนวคิดของโพลยาร่วมกับเทคนิคบาร์โมเดล สำหรับนักเรียนชั้นประถมศึกษาปีที่ 4

Abstract

The objectives of this research were: 1) to compare students’ problem-solving abilities on Addition and Subtraction after learning through the developed instructional activities using Polya's conceptual problem-solving process with a bar model technique with a 60 percent criterion, and 2) to compare students’ learning achievement in solving problems on Addition and Subtraction after the intervention with a 60 percent criterion. The sample, obtained through cluster random sampling, consisted of 29 primary school students in Prathomsuksa 4/2 at Ban Praae School in the first semester of the academic year 2020. Research tools included lesson plans, a test of students’ abilities in solving problems, and a learning achievement test. The statistics for data analysis were mean, median and sign test. The results of this study were as follows: 1. after the intervention, students’ problem-solving abilities on Addition and Subtraction were 38.00 points, which were significantly higher than the 60 percent criterion at the .05 level of significance. 2. after the intervention, students’learning achievement scores in the topic of addition and subtraction problem solving were 14.00 points, which were significantly higher than the 60 percent criterion at the .05 level of significance.