พระสงฆ์ทำผิดพระวินัยและกฎหมาย: จุดอ่อนและวิธีแก้ไข

Abstract

Though monks infringements of discipline and law may be viewed from various different perspectives, the fact remains that the number of cases of infringements are rather large.The causes or factors by virtue of which monks infringe discipline and law exist both within and without the Sangha. The important internal factors are, for instance, the ineffi cient educational system of the Sangha, the ineffi cacious administrative structure and system, and the lack of mental cultivation. The external factors include, for instance, the changing social conditions, the absence of close monitoring by the community, and the lack of effi cient governmental mechanism for developing and overseeing monks. The solutions to the internal problems consist in, for example, the development of the educational system and mental cultivation of the Sangha, the selection and development of the knowledge and effi ciency of the preceptors, and the improvement of the structure and system of the sangha administration.The solutions to the external ones consist in, for instance, the participation of people or the community in monitoring monks’ behaviors, and joint efforts between governmental and private organizations in overseeing monks’ affairs in a more effi cient way. The study also fi nds that the effi ciency of these solutions may be strengthened if they are carried out strategically, for example, in accordance with the four-dimension strategy based on the principle of the Four Right Efforts (Sammappadhāna), the cooperation of all people and sectors, the strict enforcement of the discipline and the law, including serious punishment.