CONSTRUCTING GUITBOOK BY THE APPLYING KODÁLY’S TEACHING METHODS FOR TEACHING WESTERN MUSIC NOTATION SINGING FOR 3RD - YEAR STUDENTS AT CHAOYANG NORMAL COLLEGE, CHAOYANG CITY, LIAONING PROVINCE

บทคัดย่อ

Introduction: Developing music literacy and singing skills remains a major challenge in higher education, particularly in learning Western music notation. Traditional instructional approaches often emphasize theoretical knowledge rather than active musical practice, resulting in limited student engagement and insufficient development of practical music skills. Kodály's teaching method, which emphasizes singing, sequential learning, and culturally relevant musical materials, has been recognized as an effective pedagogical approach for improving music learning. Objective: This study aimed to (1) examine the application of Kodály's teaching methods, (2) construct a guidebook based on Kodály's pedagogical principles, (3) implement the guidebook in teaching third-year students at Chaoyang Normal College, and (4) evaluate the learning outcomes of the instructional implementation. Method: A mixed-methods approach was employed. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews with three experts in music education to support the development of the instructional guidebook. Quantitative data were obtained from formative and summative assessments conducted during a teaching experiment involving ten third-year students. Results: Students' mean scores increased from 61.80 in the formative assessment to 90.50 in the summative assessment, indicating an improvement of 28.70 points after the implementation of the Kodály-based instructional guidebook. Expert feedback also supported the appropriateness of the guidebook in terms of instructional content, learning sequence, and classroom applicability. Students demonstrated improvements in music notation reading, singing performance, and rhythm understanding. Conclusion: The findings suggest that applying Kodály's teaching methods through a structured instructional guidebook can effectively support the teaching of Western music notation singing in higher education. The developed guidebook may serve as a practical instructional resource for music educators who seek to integrate sequential learning and culturally responsive teaching into music instruction.