Analysis the Sankharupekkhanana in the Practice of Vipassana Meditation

Abstract

This article has two objectives: 1) to study the concept of Sankharupekkhanana in the Theravada Buddhist scriptures, and 2) to analyze Sankharupekkhanana in the practice of Vipassana meditation. This research is a documentary study based on information from the Tripitaka and related scriptures, with modifications, corrections, and summaries presented in a descriptive manner. The findings are as follows: 1) Sankharupekkhanana in the Buddhist scriptures is a form of knowledge that remains neutral towards sankhara (conditioned phenomena). It is wisdom that desires liberation, contemplating and remaining steadfast in the five aggregates, which include fifteen aspects such as uppada (origin). It perceives suffering as dangerous, as a material object, and as a conditioned phenomenon. When examining the five aggregates, one sees them as impermanent, suffering, and non-self, indicating that they are not the self. 2) In the practice of Vipassana meditation, Sankharupekkhanana can be achieved through the contemplation of the three characteristics: (1) Anicca (impermanence) through the insight into impermanence, leading to the realization of Nirvana, referred to as Animitta Vimutti; (2) Dukkha (suffering) through insight into suffering, leading to the realization of Nirvana, known as Appanihita Vimutti, and (3) Anatta (non-self) through insight into non-self, leading to the realization of Nirvana, called Sunnata Vimutti.