Pictographic or metaphoric: introspection of urban landmark buildings in the Northeastern Thailand within the context of multi-elucidation symbolic

Abstract

The representation of pictographic and metaphorical symbols is a prevalent strategy in the design of landmark buildings, which serve as vital components of the urban image space. In recent years, the use of Pictographic symbols to articulate distinct local cultural identities has gained prominence, particularly in landmark buildings in the Northeast Thailand (Isan). This trend has prompted ongoing discourse on the role of symbols in architectural design, specifically, how they can effectively convey the unique cultural essence of the Isan region while ensuring functionality, aesthetic integrity, and practical applicability. This study examines selected landmark buildings in the Northeast Thailand as case studies, comparing their symbolic design approaches with those found in landmark buildings in China. The analysis is structured around four key dimensions: functionality, aesthetics, expandability, and the interpretative discourse of architectural symbols. Findings reveal that each symbolic approach, whether pictographic or metaphoric, entails distinct strengths and limitations. The interpretation and implementation of these symbolic forms are significantly shaped by prevailing discourses on architectural symbols, particularly as they relate to expressing local cultural identity. The study concludes that designers should prioritize adaptability to future changes, including provisions for structural expansion and enduring aesthetic appeal. Furthermore, the successful landmark buildings should harmonize with urban and natural environments while employing a symbolic framework to present local cultural features that resonate with public aesthetic values. Such considerations are essential for enhancing the cultural, symbolic, and visual significance of landmark buildings in a city.