A Study of Design Management Guideline for Private Dog Park in Bangkok

Abstract

Urbanization intensifies in Bangkok; changes in social dynamics have led to a notable rise in pet ownership. Dogs, particularly, have become an integral part of urban life for many residents, serving not only as companions but also as sources of emotional and mental support. Despite this shift, there remains a considerable shortage of purpose-built dog-friendly environments, particularly in the form of well-managed, privately operated dog parks. These spaces are essential not only for dogs’ physical activities and behavioral development but also for enhancing social bonding between owners and their pets. However, limited insight into the design and management of such parks in Bangkok presents a major barrier to their effective implementation. As a result, the objective of this research was to study the values influencing the decision-making of dog owners in Bangkok, aiming to create effective and appropriate guidelines for the management, design, and physical utilization of dog parks under private sector management in the Bangkok area. A quantitative research method was employed, with data collected from 401 dog owners aged 18 years and above residing in the Bangkok metropolitan area. A research tool, a structured questionnaire, was designed based on the Value Mapping Tool, covering four domains: dog park space, dog behavior, relationship, and management and design. The responses were analyzed using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), revealing four major domains of user expectations: physical space, behaviour, well-being, and design and management. The research resulted in the formulation of the term "PAWSCAPERS" guideline, a design and management framework named after ten thematic principles: Progress, Activity, Welfare, Sphere, Clean, Advisor, Play, Equipment, Relationship, and Scape. This study makes significant contributions to three sections: theoretical, practical, and stakeholder contributions. Theoretical contributions include the development of the PAWSCAPERS Guideline, a new framework for managing and designing dog parks under private sector management, with a focus on Bangkok’s context. It expands existing knowledge on pet-friendly urban spaces and explores the impact of structured dog park designs on canine well-being, social behavior, and owner satisfaction. Practically, the study provides actionable guidelines for dog park operators, urban planners, and private investors to create sustainable, high-quality dog parks. It also offers insights into dog owners’ needs and advocates for integrating dog-friendly spaces in urban planning. Implications for stakeholders include guidance for dog owners on park selection, improved design for private operators, and recommendations for urban planners and policymakers to develop pet-friendly spaces. Additionally, it provides veterinarians and experts with guidelines for advancing canine health and offers researchers a foundation for exploring the impact of dog parks on pet welfare and community engagement.