The Efficiency of Urban Heat Island Mitigation by Cooling Effects from Greenspace in Chiang Mai Municipality
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Abstract
The objective of article is to study the efficiency of urban heat island mitigation by cooling effects from greenspace in Chiang Mai Municipality. The five public parks in different sizes were selected as the study areas. The later objective is to study the factors that affect to cooling effects. They are consisted surface ratio, surface temperature, windspeed and sky view factors (SVF). The results shew that climate factors have an influence on the cooling effects, causing decrease temperature around the area, especially the Ban Den health park area and Nong Buak Had health park, since their surrounding areas cover a lot of green space. For the sky view factor is slightly related cooling effects. It was found that the small green space had spread less cooling than the large green space. The green space of the railway park is about 60.15 rai with the potential to spread the cooling effects around 75-100 meters radius, while the green space of Nong Buak Had health park with a size of 12.42 rai has the potential to spread the cooling effects around 25 -75 meters radius. The cooling effects cause Park Cool Island (PCI) in both green space and the surrounding areas. Furthermore, the cooling effects have also depended on the proportion between soft and hard surface in the green space. The temperature decreases when the soft surface has higher proportion than the hard surface in the green space. This will further help the coolness diffusing around the green area, which can be found in Nong Buak Had Health Garden and The Railway Park. The potential of cool air spreading can cause temperatures decreasing in the neighborhood, especially with the large green spaces and highly amount of soft surface.
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