Development of Multi-Layer Packaging to Enhance Delivery Efficiency and Economic Value of Organic Brown Rice Germ Cookies: A Case Study of Domestic Parcel Shipping
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Abstract
This research aimed to develop and compare multi-layer packaging strategies to minimize product damage and maintain the quality of organic brown rice germ cookies during domestic parcel shipping. The study also assessed consumer satisfaction and perceived value with respect to protection, convenience, and environmental sustainability, and analyzed the economic value of quality packaging investments. Using mixed methods research, data were collected from 30 entrepreneurs, 100 consumers, and 10 packaging experts.
Results demonstrated that multi-layer composite packaging reduced damage by 88.2%, increased consumer satisfaction by 51.6% to 4.38 out of 5 points, with consumers willing to pay an average premium of 8.3%. Corrugated cardboard boxes delivered the highest return on investment (ROI) of 145.2% with a payback period of 8.3 months. Biopolymer packaging from bamboo achieved a 93.2% ROI, whereas multilayer composite packaging achieved 70.4%. The study developed the P-E-V Model (Protection Excellence–Economic Efficiency–Value Perception) as a new body of knowledge applicable to other fragile food products.
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