Styles and Beliefs in Chinese Landscape Painting

Abstract

             The study on “Styles and Beliefs in Chinese Landscape Paintings” aims to study the history of Chinese landscape paintings in Nukit Racha Boriharn Chinese Mansion, Bangkok, to study styles and beliefs in Chinese landscape paintings in Nukit Racha Boriharn Chinese Mansion, Bangkok. There are 2 types of tools used: document data collection and field data collection. Then, the data was analyzed according to the data collection, including data analysis that summarizes the data into categories to find answers according to the objectives of the research and data analysis from non-participant observations using culture diffusion theory, aesthetic theory and semiotic theory to review and verify the information to be accurate. Then, descriptive information was also presented along with visual information. According to the research results, it was found that Nukit Racha Boriharn Chinese Mansion is a Chinese architectural building located within the area of the Front Palace, (Wang Na) or the Bangkokg National Museum in Phra Nakhon District at present, built during the reign of King Pinklao Chao Yuhua, to offer to Phra Wisut Varee (Mali) when he came to stay in the royal palace. The Nukit Rajabharat Building is a one-story building made of bricks and cement. The width is 4.50 meters, the length is 7.8 meters, and the height of the spine is 4.50 meters. There is a Chinese architectural style, gable, pediment and roof ridge, painted with Pudtan flowers and Hong Fa, styled with Chinese patterns. Inside the cabin, there are mural paintings on all 3 sides, telling the story of the ancient Chinese chronicle "Hong Sin", which was written by the skill of Chinese craftsmen in the period of Krom Phra Ratchawang Bowon Wichaicha, the viceroy in the reign of King Rama V. The murals in the interior of the Chinese mansion titled "Hong Sin" are classified as Chinese mythological novels. It has been translated into Thai since the early Rattanakosin period. The "Hong Sin" painting is a large-scale painting that has been beautifully and splendidly created by a Chinese artist. Each scene, each episode has a continuous, seamless connection, reflecting the traditional Chinese arts. In the picture, there are also Chinese characters indicating the names of the protagonists, the name of the mechanical camp, the name of the cave, the name of the place, especially the name of the mountain and scenery. Overall, on each side of the mural, it was found that the composition and color of the picture were beautiful, focusing on movement and the dimensions of the image with black lines used to bold the drawing lines. Partitioning or dividing episodes to tell stories, scenes are divided by using natural scenery using steep mountain scenes, a large, twisted tree, serpentine river, and clouds that look like clusters with mass. These can, therefore, be regarded as having an important role in determining the direction, structure, boundary, and composition of the painting "Hong Sin". In addition, the "Hong Sin" painting also plays an important role as a learning center and a source of studying Chinese traditions as well as principles of morality and customs, with content that focuses on courage, sacrifice and patience, especially the honesty of the Chinese people, which have been cultivated from the principles of "Tao and Confucius" and eventually became ingrained and became an important character of the Chinese until today. In conclusion, the mural painting "Hong Sin" is a beautiful painting in accordance with the Chinese traditional painting. The painter created it for the purpose of being a picture that primarily conveys virtue, courage and sacrifice.