บทบาทของเกาหลีใต้ในการแก้ไขปัญหานิวเคลียร์บนคาบสมุทรเกาหลี ค.ศ. 2000–2018
คำสำคัญ:
นโยบายผูกมิตรเข้าหา, วิกฤตการณ์นิวเคลียร์, เกาหลีเหนือ, เกาหลีใต้, ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างเกาหลีบทคัดย่อ
นับแต่ทศวรรษที่ 2000 เป็นต้นมา อาวุธนิวเคลียร์และขีปนาวุธของเกาหลีเหนือมีจำนวนและประสิทธิภาพมากขึ้นเรื่อย ๆ เกาหลีใต้ ซึ่งเป็นประเทศเพื่อนบ้านที่อาจโดนโจมตีเป็นลำดับแรก ๆ จึงต้องหาวิธีรับมือและจัดการปัญหานิวเคลียร์ เกาหลีใต้จึงประกาศใช้นโยบายผูกมิตรเข้าหา (Engagement Policy) ในปีค.ศ. 1998 เพื่อฟื้นฟูความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างเกาหลีและจัดการปัญหานิวเคลียร์ และทำให้นโยบายผูกมิตรเข้าหา กลายเป็นนโยบายหลักของเกาหลีใต้ต่อเกาหลีเหนือตลอด 2 ทศวรรษ อย่างไรก็ตาม การใช้นโยบายผูกมิตรเข้าหาไม่ได้ดำเนินไปอย่างราบรื่น เพราะประธานาธิบดีแต่ละท่านให้ความสำคัญกับนโยบายฯ แตกต่างกันตามอุดมการณ์ทางการเมือง ในยุคประธานาธิบดีสายก้าวหน้า มีแนวโน้มสนับสนุนและให้ความสำคัญกับนโยบายผูกมิตรเข้าหามากกว่ายุคประธานาธิบดีสายอนุรักษ์นิยม ที่ส่งเสริมแนวทางแข็งกร้าวต่อเกาหลีเหนือ นอกจากนี้ เกาหลีใต้ยังต้องอาศัยอิทธิพลและแนวนโยบายของสหรัฐฯ ในฐานะมหาอำนาจและคู่กรณีหลัก เพื่อสนับสนุนนโยบายของเกาหลีใต้ในการจัดการปัญหานิวเคลียร์ด้วย
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References
Baum, A. C. (2018). South Korean Efforts to Counter North Korean Aggression. Retrieved from https://www.airuniversity.af.edu/Portals/10/CSDS/assets/trinity_site_paper11.pdf
BBC News. (2017, July 12). U.S.A. test THAAD system. Retrieved 2019, September 8, from https://www.bbc.com/thai/international-40578306
BBC News. (2018, June 12). Trump Kim summit: US and North Korean leaders hold historic talks. Retrieved 2019, September 7, from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-44435035
Bear, A. d. (2015). From Sunshine to Storm Clouds: An Examination of South Korea’s Policy on North Korea. Michigan state international Law Review, 23(3), 825-884.
Boghani, P. (2019, February 28). The U.S. and North Korea On The Brink: A Timeline. Retrieved 2019, September 9, from https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/the-u-s-and-north-korea-on-the-brink-a-timeline/
Borger, J. (2017, September 19). Donald Trump Threatens to 'Totally Destroy' North Korea in Un Speech. Retrieved 2019, September 9, from https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/sep/19/donald-trumpthreatens-totally-destroy-north-korea-un-speech
Bower, E. Z. (2011, April 5). Define Engagement. Retrieved 2019, February 4, from https://www.csis.org/analysis/define-engagement
Buzo, A. (2002). The Making of Modern Korea. New York: Routledge.
Chandran, N. (2017, November 28). North Korea boasts it can hit anywhere in the United States with its new missile. Retrieved 2019, September 11, from https://www.cnbc.com/2017/11/28/north-korea-says-new-icbm-was-success-can-reach-all-of-us-mainland.html
Choe, S.-H. (2018, April 20). ‘We No Longer Need’ Nuclear or Missile Tests, North Korean Leader Says. Retrieved 2019, September 11, from https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/20/world/asia/kim-jong-un-hotline-korea.html?module=inline
Chung, W. S., & Yon, H. M. (1992). Joint Declaration of the Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula. Retrieved from https://peacemaker.un.org/sites/peacemaker.un.org/files/KR%20KP_920120_JointDeclarationDenuclearizationKoreanPeninsula.pdf
Council on Foreign Relation. (2018). North Korean Nuclear Negotiations. Retrieved 2019, September 8, from https://www.cfr.org/timeline/north-korean-nuclear-negotiations
Dong-hwan, K. (2018, September 4). South Korea seeks to hold inter-Korean summit Sept. 18-20: reports. Retrieved 2019, September 7, from https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/nation/2018/09/103_254994.html
Gurtov, M. (2013). the Politics of Engagement. Retrieved 2019, January 3, from http://ovpia.iu.edu/blog/?p=748
Govindasamy, G. (2005). South Korea Engagement of North Korea: Policy of Consideration and Challenges. Kualalumper: University of Malaya Press.
Gwertzman, B. (1984, June 8). U.S. Papers Tell of '53 Policy to Use a bomb in Korea. Retrieved 2019, October 2, from https://www.nytimes.com/1984/06/08/world/us-papers-tell-of-53-policy-to-use-a-bomb-in-korea.html
Inter- Korean summit preparation committee. (2018, May 26). May 2018 Inter-Korean Summit. Retrieved 2019, September 10, from http://www.korea.net/Government/Current-Affairs/National-Affairs/view?subId=692&affairId=750&articleId=40446
Jakštaite, G. (2011). Containment and Engagement as Middle-Range Theories. Baltics Journal of Law & Politics, 3(2), 165-196.
Jordan, M. (1997). Now Kim Governs after Being Jailed by the Dictators He Fought. Retrieved 2019, June 10, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/wpsrv/inatl/longterm/korea/stories/profile19.htm
Kahler, M., & Kastner, S. L. (2006). Strategic Use of Economic Interdependence: Engagement Policies in South Korea, Singapore and Taiwan. Journal of Peace Research, 43(5), 1-47.
Kamiya, F. (1980). The Korean Peninsula after Park Chung Hee. Asian Survey, 20(7), 744-753
Kim, D. J., & Kim, J. I. (2000). South-North Joint Declaration June 15, 2000. Retrieved from https://www.ncnk.org/sites/default/files/content/resources/publications/South-North_Joint_Dec_2000.pdf
Kim, H.-k. (2012). South Korea’s Sunshine Policy, Reciprocity and Nationhood. Perspectives on Global Development and Technology, 11(1), 99-111.
Kim, J. U., & Moon, J. I. (2018, September 11). Panmunjom Declaration on Peace, Prosperity and Reunification of the Korean Peninsula. Retrieved 2019, September 10, from http://www.mofa.go.kr/eng/brd/m_5478/view.do?seq=319130&srchFr=&srchTo=&srchWord=&srchTp=&multi_itm_seq=0&itm_seq_1=0&itm_seq_2=0&company_cd=&company_nm=&page=1&titleNm=
Kim, Y.-J. (2005). The Nordpolitik as President Rho Tae Woo's New Foreign Policy, 1988-1992. The Korean Journal of Area Studies, 23(1), 261-274.
Klingner, B. (2016, November 1). Growing Threats and Shifting Policies on the Korean Peninsula. Retrieved 2019, August 15, from http://www.theasanforum.org/growing-threats-and-shifting-policies-on-the-korean-peninsula/
Kristensen, H. M., & Norris, R. S. (2017). A history of US nuclear weapons in South Korea. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 73(6), 349.
Lee, H.-r., & Kim, Y.-j. (1972). The July 4 South-North Joint Communiqué. Retrieved from https://peacemaker.un.org/sites/peacemaker.un.org/files/KR%20KP_720704_The%20July%204%20South-North%20Joint%20Communiqu%C3%A9.pdf
Levin, N. D., & Han, Y.-S. (2002). Sunshine in Korea: The South Korean Debate over Policies toward North Korea. Los Angeles: RAND.
Ministry of Government legislation. (1988). the Constitution of the Republic of Korea. Retrieved from https://www.wipo.int/edocs/lexdocs/laws/en/kr/kr061en.pdf
Missile Defense Project. (2017, May 25). North Korean Missile Launches & Nuclear Tests: 1984-Present. Retrieved 2019, September 11, from https://missilethreat.csis.org/north-korea-missile-launches-1984-present/
Moon, C.-i. (2012). The Sunshine Policy: In Defense of Engagement as a Path to Peace in Korea. Seoul: Yonsei University Press.
Nam, K. K. (2019). The Moon Jae-in administration’s North Korea policy and Korea–US relations. Asian Education and Development Studies, 8(1), 59-74.
Nobel Media AB. (2019). Kim Dae-jung – Biographical. Retrieved 2019, August 5, from https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2000/dae-jung/biographical/
Park, K.-A. (2010). Changes in Seoul’s North Korean Policy and Implications for Pyongyang’s InterKorean Diplomacy. In S. Snyder (Ed.), New Challenges of North Korean Foreign Policy (pp. 153-171). New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Shin, S. H. (2016). South Korea's Foreign Policy. Bangkok: Chulalongkorn University Press.
Stevens, M. (2018, March 9). Trump and Kim Jong-Un, and the Names They’ve Called Each Other. Retrieved 2019, September 9, from https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/09/world/asia/trump-kim-jongun.html
Straub, D. (2018). Salvaging the Sunshine Policy. Joint U.S.-Korea Academic Studies, 29(1), 15-30.
Thairath. (2017, May 12). Knowing "Moon Jae In" from the son of North Korea Refugees to the President of South Korea. Retrieved 2019, September 3, from https://www.thairath.co.th/news/foreign/938643
Tudor, D. (2012). Korea: The Impossible Country. Vermont: Tuttle Publishing.
Workpoint News. (2018, February 9). Two Koreas march together with the Unified Flag in 2018 Winter Olympic Open Ceremony. Retrieved 2019, September 5, from https://workpointnews.com/2018/02/09/ใช้-ธงรวมชาติ-เดินร่วมก/
Yonhap. (2013, February 22). Park Calls for 'Stern Punishment' for N. Korean Provocations. Retrieved 2018, May 22, from https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20130222004951315
BBC News. (2017, July 12). U.S.A. test THAAD system. Retrieved 2019, September 8, from https://www.bbc.com/thai/international-40578306
BBC News. (2018, June 12). Trump Kim summit: US and North Korean leaders hold historic talks. Retrieved 2019, September 7, from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-44435035
Bear, A. d. (2015). From Sunshine to Storm Clouds: An Examination of South Korea’s Policy on North Korea. Michigan state international Law Review, 23(3), 825-884.
Boghani, P. (2019, February 28). The U.S. and North Korea On The Brink: A Timeline. Retrieved 2019, September 9, from https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/the-u-s-and-north-korea-on-the-brink-a-timeline/
Borger, J. (2017, September 19). Donald Trump Threatens to 'Totally Destroy' North Korea in Un Speech. Retrieved 2019, September 9, from https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/sep/19/donald-trumpthreatens-totally-destroy-north-korea-un-speech
Bower, E. Z. (2011, April 5). Define Engagement. Retrieved 2019, February 4, from https://www.csis.org/analysis/define-engagement
Buzo, A. (2002). The Making of Modern Korea. New York: Routledge.
Chandran, N. (2017, November 28). North Korea boasts it can hit anywhere in the United States with its new missile. Retrieved 2019, September 11, from https://www.cnbc.com/2017/11/28/north-korea-says-new-icbm-was-success-can-reach-all-of-us-mainland.html
Choe, S.-H. (2018, April 20). ‘We No Longer Need’ Nuclear or Missile Tests, North Korean Leader Says. Retrieved 2019, September 11, from https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/20/world/asia/kim-jong-un-hotline-korea.html?module=inline
Chung, W. S., & Yon, H. M. (1992). Joint Declaration of the Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula. Retrieved from https://peacemaker.un.org/sites/peacemaker.un.org/files/KR%20KP_920120_JointDeclarationDenuclearizationKoreanPeninsula.pdf
Council on Foreign Relation. (2018). North Korean Nuclear Negotiations. Retrieved 2019, September 8, from https://www.cfr.org/timeline/north-korean-nuclear-negotiations
Dong-hwan, K. (2018, September 4). South Korea seeks to hold inter-Korean summit Sept. 18-20: reports. Retrieved 2019, September 7, from https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/nation/2018/09/103_254994.html
Gurtov, M. (2013). the Politics of Engagement. Retrieved 2019, January 3, from http://ovpia.iu.edu/blog/?p=748
Govindasamy, G. (2005). South Korea Engagement of North Korea: Policy of Consideration and Challenges. Kualalumper: University of Malaya Press.
Gwertzman, B. (1984, June 8). U.S. Papers Tell of '53 Policy to Use a bomb in Korea. Retrieved 2019, October 2, from https://www.nytimes.com/1984/06/08/world/us-papers-tell-of-53-policy-to-use-a-bomb-in-korea.html
Inter- Korean summit preparation committee. (2018, May 26). May 2018 Inter-Korean Summit. Retrieved 2019, September 10, from http://www.korea.net/Government/Current-Affairs/National-Affairs/view?subId=692&affairId=750&articleId=40446
Jakštaite, G. (2011). Containment and Engagement as Middle-Range Theories. Baltics Journal of Law & Politics, 3(2), 165-196.
Jordan, M. (1997). Now Kim Governs after Being Jailed by the Dictators He Fought. Retrieved 2019, June 10, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/wpsrv/inatl/longterm/korea/stories/profile19.htm
Kahler, M., & Kastner, S. L. (2006). Strategic Use of Economic Interdependence: Engagement Policies in South Korea, Singapore and Taiwan. Journal of Peace Research, 43(5), 1-47.
Kamiya, F. (1980). The Korean Peninsula after Park Chung Hee. Asian Survey, 20(7), 744-753
Kim, D. J., & Kim, J. I. (2000). South-North Joint Declaration June 15, 2000. Retrieved from https://www.ncnk.org/sites/default/files/content/resources/publications/South-North_Joint_Dec_2000.pdf
Kim, H.-k. (2012). South Korea’s Sunshine Policy, Reciprocity and Nationhood. Perspectives on Global Development and Technology, 11(1), 99-111.
Kim, J. U., & Moon, J. I. (2018, September 11). Panmunjom Declaration on Peace, Prosperity and Reunification of the Korean Peninsula. Retrieved 2019, September 10, from http://www.mofa.go.kr/eng/brd/m_5478/view.do?seq=319130&srchFr=&srchTo=&srchWord=&srchTp=&multi_itm_seq=0&itm_seq_1=0&itm_seq_2=0&company_cd=&company_nm=&page=1&titleNm=
Kim, Y.-J. (2005). The Nordpolitik as President Rho Tae Woo's New Foreign Policy, 1988-1992. The Korean Journal of Area Studies, 23(1), 261-274.
Klingner, B. (2016, November 1). Growing Threats and Shifting Policies on the Korean Peninsula. Retrieved 2019, August 15, from http://www.theasanforum.org/growing-threats-and-shifting-policies-on-the-korean-peninsula/
Kristensen, H. M., & Norris, R. S. (2017). A history of US nuclear weapons in South Korea. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 73(6), 349.
Lee, H.-r., & Kim, Y.-j. (1972). The July 4 South-North Joint Communiqué. Retrieved from https://peacemaker.un.org/sites/peacemaker.un.org/files/KR%20KP_720704_The%20July%204%20South-North%20Joint%20Communiqu%C3%A9.pdf
Levin, N. D., & Han, Y.-S. (2002). Sunshine in Korea: The South Korean Debate over Policies toward North Korea. Los Angeles: RAND.
Ministry of Government legislation. (1988). the Constitution of the Republic of Korea. Retrieved from https://www.wipo.int/edocs/lexdocs/laws/en/kr/kr061en.pdf
Missile Defense Project. (2017, May 25). North Korean Missile Launches & Nuclear Tests: 1984-Present. Retrieved 2019, September 11, from https://missilethreat.csis.org/north-korea-missile-launches-1984-present/
Moon, C.-i. (2012). The Sunshine Policy: In Defense of Engagement as a Path to Peace in Korea. Seoul: Yonsei University Press.
Nam, K. K. (2019). The Moon Jae-in administration’s North Korea policy and Korea–US relations. Asian Education and Development Studies, 8(1), 59-74.
Nobel Media AB. (2019). Kim Dae-jung – Biographical. Retrieved 2019, August 5, from https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2000/dae-jung/biographical/
Park, K.-A. (2010). Changes in Seoul’s North Korean Policy and Implications for Pyongyang’s InterKorean Diplomacy. In S. Snyder (Ed.), New Challenges of North Korean Foreign Policy (pp. 153-171). New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Shin, S. H. (2016). South Korea's Foreign Policy. Bangkok: Chulalongkorn University Press.
Stevens, M. (2018, March 9). Trump and Kim Jong-Un, and the Names They’ve Called Each Other. Retrieved 2019, September 9, from https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/09/world/asia/trump-kim-jongun.html
Straub, D. (2018). Salvaging the Sunshine Policy. Joint U.S.-Korea Academic Studies, 29(1), 15-30.
Thairath. (2017, May 12). Knowing "Moon Jae In" from the son of North Korea Refugees to the President of South Korea. Retrieved 2019, September 3, from https://www.thairath.co.th/news/foreign/938643
Tudor, D. (2012). Korea: The Impossible Country. Vermont: Tuttle Publishing.
Workpoint News. (2018, February 9). Two Koreas march together with the Unified Flag in 2018 Winter Olympic Open Ceremony. Retrieved 2019, September 5, from https://workpointnews.com/2018/02/09/ใช้-ธงรวมชาติ-เดินร่วมก/
Yonhap. (2013, February 22). Park Calls for 'Stern Punishment' for N. Korean Provocations. Retrieved 2018, May 22, from https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20130222004951315
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2019-12-30
How to Cite
ลิ้มยิ่งเจริญ บ. (2019). บทบาทของเกาหลีใต้ในการแก้ไขปัญหานิวเคลียร์บนคาบสมุทรเกาหลี ค.ศ. 2000–2018. Thai Journal of East Asian Studies, 23(2), 294–311. สืบค้น จาก https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/easttu/article/view/241353
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