Development of the Big Five Factors Personality Tests for Elementary School Students and Secondary School Students
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The research aimed to synthesize behavioral indicators, develop and analyze the quality of the Big Five Factors Personality tests: face validity, discrimination, reliability, construct validity along with creating local norms. The conceptual framework aligns with the Big Five Factors of Personality proposed by Costa & McCrae (1992). The samples were 5,521 students, consisting of 2,705 elementary school students and 2,816 secondary school students in the North of Thailand. Data collection utilized open-ended questionnaires to gather behavioral indicators, and the Big Five Factors Personality tests comprised short situations with three choices with three behavioral levels according to Allport (1955).
The research found that the Big Five Factors Personality tests consisted of Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to Experience, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness with 30 Habitual Responses and 83 Specific Responses. Two tests were developed, one for elementary school students and another for secondary school students. Each test consisted of 83 short situational items. The quality of the tests was ensured through face validity based on the opinion of at least four out of five experts who agreed all passed situational items (100%). The discriminant range ranges between .082-.497 and .040-.536 were more than the critical .052 value in the table statistically significant at the .05 level. Reliability analysis of Cronbach's alpha coefficient values ranged between .666 - .821 and .672 - .806 higher than .60 almost equal to 1.00. The personality model demonstrated construct validity with factor loadings for each item at a .01 significant level indicating that the personality model aligns with the empirical data (variation). The local norms categorized scores into three stanine score levels: 1-3, 4-6, and 7-9, representing inferior, moderate, and outstanding personality, respectively.
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