Developing and Evaluating a Learning Organization Model to Foster Students’ 21st-Century Quality at Kaset Sombun Witthayakhom School
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Abstract
This study aimed to develop, implement, and evaluate a Learning Organization Model to enhance students' 21st-century quality at Kaset Sombun Witthayakhom School, Chaiyaphum Province, Thailand. A research-and-development (R&D) design was employed across four phases: (1) needs assessment, (2) model development and validation, (3) model implementation, and (4) model evaluation and endorsement. In Phase 1, 80 teachers assessed the current and desired states of learning organization practices across five dimensions — personal mastery, mental models, shared vision, team learning, and systems thinking. Results revealed a substantial gap between current (x̄ = 2.37, S.D. = 1.19) and desired (x̄ = 4.62, S.D. = 0.80) conditions, with Mental Models identified as the highest-priority dimension (PNImodified = 0.970). In Phase 2, a learning organization model comprising five components — principles, objectives, processes, outputs, and feedback mechanisms — was developed and validated by five educational experts, demonstrating strong content validity (IOC = 0.80–1.00). In Phase 3, the model was implemented through three sequential stages: preparation, implementation, and assessment and feedback. Teachers evaluated all model components at the highest level of appropriateness (x̄ = 4.65, S.D. = 0.51). In Phase 4, students (n = 300) reported high overall satisfaction (x̄ = 4.63, S.D. = 0.52), particularly regarding perceived development of 21st-century competencies including critical thinking, creativity, communication, and collaboration. Expert endorsement further confirmed the model's appropriateness, feasibility, and applicability. Although findings are based on stakeholder perceptions rather than objective competency measures, results provide meaningful empirical support for the model's feasibility and relevance as a school-based framework for organizational learning. The study contributes a context-sensitive, theory-grounded learning organization model to inform school leadership, professional learning design, and future outcome-based research in Thai secondary education.
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