หนังสือพิมพ์กําหนดกรอบข่าว เกี่ยวกับอุตสาหกรรมวิทยุชุมชนไทยในยุคเฟื่องฟูอย่างไร
Main Article Content
Abstract
Thailand's first community radio station signed on the air without a license in 2001. This station and some 7,000 others that have joined it since then, continue to broadcast programs even though threatened with closure by succeeding governments. In June 2009, the government finally prepared to launch a license-making process, offering an interim procedure that would provide community radio operators a temporary license valid for 300 days. At the present, these temporary licenses have been extended with no clear plan for issuance of valid permanent licenses. The new telecommunication and broadcasting law of December 20, 2010 will give birth to a new set of regulators The National Broadcasting and Telecommunications Commission that will supervise these community radio stations. Adding to the uncertainty, only a few hundred stations have maintained their nonprofit status. The rest have operated purely as commercial enterprises, and some have even been used as political tools. Such conditions are inconsistent with their roles as community radio stations.
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References
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Broadcast rules due. (2008, September 18). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Call to regulate Thai community radio stations. (2010, July 5). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Changes sought to broadcast bill (2000, August 1). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Chiang Rai: Residents mobilised. (2005, April 4). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Community radio: Government warns 180 broadcasters. (2005, September 3). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Community radio operators oppose registration. (2004, December 15). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Community radio transmissions interfere with aircraft frequencies. (2005, June 13). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Community radios in ex-premier's strongholds suspend broadcasts. (2006, September 21). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Country Reports on Human Rights Practices by the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. (2004, February 25). Retrieved May 11, 2007, from http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2003/ 27790.htm
Dagron, A. G. (2001). Making Waves: Stories of Participatory Communication for Social Change. New York: The Rockefeller Foundation.
Draft licensing rules for Satellite TV, IPTV ready. (2010, June 23). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Entman, R. M. (1993). Framing: Toward clarification of a fractured paradigm/ Journal of Communication, 43(4), 51-58.
Errant radio stations to be shut down. (2005, May 28). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Fuller, T. (2010, April 1). Thai protesters shed culture of restraint: For the latest generation of activists, tradition of deference holds no sway. The International Herald Tribune. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Gamson, W. A., & Modigliani, A. (1987). The changing culture of affirmative action. In R. G. Braungart & M. M. Braungart (Eds.). Research in political sociology (Vol. 3, pp137-177). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
Ghosh, N. (2007, May 18). Thai radio stations shut down after taking Thaksin's calls;
Former PM rang from London in apparent bid to raise his public profile. The Straits Times (Singapore). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Gitlin, T. (1980). The whole world is watching: Mass media in the making & unmaking of the New Left. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Giving voices volume. (2000, September 1). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Goffman, I. (1974). Frame analysis: An essay on the organization of experience. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Hewison, K. (1998). Political Change in Thailand: Democracy and Participation. New York: Routledge.
How can CRS survive under the tide of CRS for Business? (2009, July 3). Post Today. Retrieved February 7, 2010, from http://www/thaicr.org/node/954.
Jinakul, A. (February 25, 2010). Around 20 community radio stations face closure for inciting violence. Bangkok Post. Retrieved March 30, 2009, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Kasoma, F. P. (2002). Community Radio: Its Management and Organization in Zambia. Ndola, Zambia: Mission Press.
Laohong, K. & Wanichthanarak, P. (2002, April 21). Community radio: Govt orders villagers off the airwaves. The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Levett, C. (2006, September 30). Unsettled Thai generals tighten grip; Schools - and muted resentment - smoulder as media face crackdown. The Age (Melbourne, Australia). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Magpanthong, C. (2007). Participatory Community Media: Three Case Studies of Thai Community Radio Stations. Ph.D. dissertation, School of Telecommunications, Ohio University, Athens, OH.
Maher, T. M. (2001). Framing: An Emerging Paradigm or a Phase of Agenda Setting? In S. D. Reese, O. H. Gandy, & A. E. Grant (Eds.), Framing Public Life: Perspectives on Media and Our Understanding of the Social World. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
McCombs, M. E., Shaw, D. L. & Weaver, D. (1997). Communication and democracy: Exploring the intellectual frontiers in agenda-setting theory. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
McCombs, M. E. (1982). The Agenda Setting Approach. In D. Nimmo, & K. Sanders (Eds.), Handbook of Political Communication. Beverly Hills, CA.: Sage.
McCombs, M. E., & Shaw, D. L. (1972). The Agenda Setting Function of Mass Media. Public Opinion Quarterly, 36 (Summer), 176-187.
Military takes full control of media with power to censor reports. (2006, September 21). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Mongkolporn, U. (2008a, January 2). NTC to oversee broadcasting. The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Mongkolporn, U. (2008b, March 3). Regulation of community radio the issue with broadcasters. The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
More killings ahead of Abdullah’s visit. (2007, February 11). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Mydans, S. (2010, May 24). Protesters' heartland vows long struggle; “Red shirts’ of Thailand reject compromise and see divisions growing. The International Herald Tribune. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
NBC board: Senate to pick seven, warts and all. (2005, September 27). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
NBC selection panel must go: Journalists. (2002, December 9). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
NBC selection process: Panel members to appeal ruling. (2005, November 28). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
New NBTC law may be enacted by year-end. (2010, February 5). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
99% of all radios registered with NTC. (2009, August 25). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Parry, R. L. (2006, September 22). Arrests and censorship as generals brook no opposition. The Times (London). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Partisan media the sign of an open society. (2010, March 20)The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5. 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
People's chat radio takes Trat by storm. (2001. March 23). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Politically incendiary TV, radio content to be banned. (2009, May 15). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Pro-Thaksin protesters threaten to sabotage ASEAN summit. (2009, April 6). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Provincial violence. (2010, May 26). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Radio deals in limbo. (2009, December 9). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database. Raksaseri, K. (2006, June 26). FM 94.25 a hit with patriots. The Nation. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Reds detain 300 soldiers. (2010, April 22). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Reformists claim radio under siege. (2004, November 15). The Nation. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Rodriguez, C. (2001). Fissures in the Mediascape: An International Study of Citizen's Media. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press.
Rojanaphruk, P. (2003, July 18). Legalise community radio quickly, expert urges. The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Rojanaphruk, P. (2010a, April 9). Decree shuts down red media and those deemed sympathetic. The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database. May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database. Rojanaphruk, P. (2010b, August 20). Group demands list of detainees. The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved 103-122.
Scheufele, D. A. (1999). Framing as a Theory of Media Effects. Journal of Communication 49 (4), 103-122.
Senators hone in on govt radio policy. (2005, May 22). The Nation. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Sinlapalavan, B. & Raksaseri, K. (2005, April 15). Community media: Police warn radio station small operator often critical of government. The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Siryuvasak, U., Wisarutpich, W., Warunyu, W. & Klunnurak, M. (1996). The Role of the State in Mass communication: A Draft of New Radio and Television Act. Bangkok, Thailand: Nithitham.
Small stations vex aircraft. (2005, July 19). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Srivalo, P. & Pinijparakarn, S. (2005, May 20). Community radio: PRD orders closure of stations over legal limit. The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
State still dominates, monopolizes media - activist. (2004, November 30). Bangkok Post. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Stations told to register for legality. (2009, August 19). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Sukin, K. (2002, October 11). Community voices: Radio groups band together. The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Tehranian, M. & Tehranian, K. K. (1995). That recurrent suspicion: Democratization in a global perspective. In P. Lee (Ed.). The Democratization of Communication (pp. 38-74). Cardiff: University of Wales Press.
Thai broadcasting regulator: Tackling community radio “first priority.” (2005, October 6). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Thai cabinet backs far-reaching broadcasting reforms. (2007, July 11). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Thai community radios rush to apply for licences. (2009, June 15). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Thai court jails community radio broadcaster. (2006, February 8). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Thai defence minister orders military units to monitor anti-monarchy websites. (2010, October 27). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Thai government orders seven community radio stations to shut down. (2005, September 11). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Thai police raid radio station after coverage of anti-PM rally. (2006, January 15). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Thai protestor warns of more bloodshed. (2010. May 16). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Thai protestor warns of more bloodshed. Academic Database.
Thai telecom commission orders 17 community radio stations closed. (2005, May 19). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Thai writer blames community radio stations for socio-political "rifts.” (2009, February 15). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database. and community radio operators appeal to lift ban. (2006, September 28). Financial Times. Retrieved November 24, 2007, from LexisNexis Academic database.
Thailand cracks down on community radio station interference. (2005, April 29). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Thailand to reconsider emergency law in Chiang Mai. (2010, September 13). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Tuchman, G. (1978). Making news: A study in the construction of reality. New York: Free Press. Vedelago, C. (2006, February 16). PM using Marcos-style tactics to control press, claims CPJ. The Nation. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database. 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Vox populi: Protesters take to the air waves. (2002, June 4). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5,
Wangvivatana, S. (2005). Broadcast media reform: Hope in a nearly hopeless situation. In S. Wangvivatana Association. (Ed.), Media Reform Going Backward? (pp. 1-9). Bangkok, Thailand: Thai Broadcast Journalists (pp. 56-70). Nontaburi, Thailand: Sukhothaithammathirach.
Yusin, S. (2005). History and development of radio in Thailand. Introduction to Radio and Television
Bangprapa, M. (2005, November 2). Thai farmer vows to fight radio station closure. BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Bell, T. (2009, May 15). Gruesome catch may solve Thai deaths mystery. The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved November 17, 2011, from http://www.smh.com.au/world/gruesome-catch-may-solvethai-deaths-mystery-20090514-b4sz.html
Broadcast rules due. (2008, September 18). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Call to regulate Thai community radio stations. (2010, July 5). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Changes sought to broadcast bill (2000, August 1). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Chiang Rai: Residents mobilised. (2005, April 4). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Community radio: Government warns 180 broadcasters. (2005, September 3). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Community radio operators oppose registration. (2004, December 15). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Community radio transmissions interfere with aircraft frequencies. (2005, June 13). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Community radios in ex-premier's strongholds suspend broadcasts. (2006, September 21). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Country Reports on Human Rights Practices by the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. (2004, February 25). Retrieved May 11, 2007, from http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2003/ 27790.htm
Dagron, A. G. (2001). Making Waves: Stories of Participatory Communication for Social Change. New York: The Rockefeller Foundation.
Draft licensing rules for Satellite TV, IPTV ready. (2010, June 23). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Entman, R. M. (1993). Framing: Toward clarification of a fractured paradigm/ Journal of Communication, 43(4), 51-58.
Errant radio stations to be shut down. (2005, May 28). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Fuller, T. (2010, April 1). Thai protesters shed culture of restraint: For the latest generation of activists, tradition of deference holds no sway. The International Herald Tribune. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Gamson, W. A., & Modigliani, A. (1987). The changing culture of affirmative action. In R. G. Braungart & M. M. Braungart (Eds.). Research in political sociology (Vol. 3, pp137-177). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
Ghosh, N. (2007, May 18). Thai radio stations shut down after taking Thaksin's calls;
Former PM rang from London in apparent bid to raise his public profile. The Straits Times (Singapore). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Gitlin, T. (1980). The whole world is watching: Mass media in the making & unmaking of the New Left. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Giving voices volume. (2000, September 1). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Goffman, I. (1974). Frame analysis: An essay on the organization of experience. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Hewison, K. (1998). Political Change in Thailand: Democracy and Participation. New York: Routledge.
How can CRS survive under the tide of CRS for Business? (2009, July 3). Post Today. Retrieved February 7, 2010, from http://www/thaicr.org/node/954.
Jinakul, A. (February 25, 2010). Around 20 community radio stations face closure for inciting violence. Bangkok Post. Retrieved March 30, 2009, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Kasoma, F. P. (2002). Community Radio: Its Management and Organization in Zambia. Ndola, Zambia: Mission Press.
Laohong, K. & Wanichthanarak, P. (2002, April 21). Community radio: Govt orders villagers off the airwaves. The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Levett, C. (2006, September 30). Unsettled Thai generals tighten grip; Schools - and muted resentment - smoulder as media face crackdown. The Age (Melbourne, Australia). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Magpanthong, C. (2007). Participatory Community Media: Three Case Studies of Thai Community Radio Stations. Ph.D. dissertation, School of Telecommunications, Ohio University, Athens, OH.
Maher, T. M. (2001). Framing: An Emerging Paradigm or a Phase of Agenda Setting? In S. D. Reese, O. H. Gandy, & A. E. Grant (Eds.), Framing Public Life: Perspectives on Media and Our Understanding of the Social World. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
McCombs, M. E., Shaw, D. L. & Weaver, D. (1997). Communication and democracy: Exploring the intellectual frontiers in agenda-setting theory. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
McCombs, M. E. (1982). The Agenda Setting Approach. In D. Nimmo, & K. Sanders (Eds.), Handbook of Political Communication. Beverly Hills, CA.: Sage.
McCombs, M. E., & Shaw, D. L. (1972). The Agenda Setting Function of Mass Media. Public Opinion Quarterly, 36 (Summer), 176-187.
Military takes full control of media with power to censor reports. (2006, September 21). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Mongkolporn, U. (2008a, January 2). NTC to oversee broadcasting. The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Mongkolporn, U. (2008b, March 3). Regulation of community radio the issue with broadcasters. The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
More killings ahead of Abdullah’s visit. (2007, February 11). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Mydans, S. (2010, May 24). Protesters' heartland vows long struggle; “Red shirts’ of Thailand reject compromise and see divisions growing. The International Herald Tribune. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
NBC board: Senate to pick seven, warts and all. (2005, September 27). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
NBC selection panel must go: Journalists. (2002, December 9). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
NBC selection process: Panel members to appeal ruling. (2005, November 28). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
New NBTC law may be enacted by year-end. (2010, February 5). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
99% of all radios registered with NTC. (2009, August 25). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Parry, R. L. (2006, September 22). Arrests and censorship as generals brook no opposition. The Times (London). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Partisan media the sign of an open society. (2010, March 20)The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5. 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
People's chat radio takes Trat by storm. (2001. March 23). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Politically incendiary TV, radio content to be banned. (2009, May 15). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Pro-Thaksin protesters threaten to sabotage ASEAN summit. (2009, April 6). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Provincial violence. (2010, May 26). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Radio deals in limbo. (2009, December 9). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database. Raksaseri, K. (2006, June 26). FM 94.25 a hit with patriots. The Nation. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Reds detain 300 soldiers. (2010, April 22). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Reformists claim radio under siege. (2004, November 15). The Nation. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Rodriguez, C. (2001). Fissures in the Mediascape: An International Study of Citizen's Media. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press.
Rojanaphruk, P. (2003, July 18). Legalise community radio quickly, expert urges. The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Rojanaphruk, P. (2010a, April 9). Decree shuts down red media and those deemed sympathetic. The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database. May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database. Rojanaphruk, P. (2010b, August 20). Group demands list of detainees. The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved 103-122.
Scheufele, D. A. (1999). Framing as a Theory of Media Effects. Journal of Communication 49 (4), 103-122.
Senators hone in on govt radio policy. (2005, May 22). The Nation. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Sinlapalavan, B. & Raksaseri, K. (2005, April 15). Community media: Police warn radio station small operator often critical of government. The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Siryuvasak, U., Wisarutpich, W., Warunyu, W. & Klunnurak, M. (1996). The Role of the State in Mass communication: A Draft of New Radio and Television Act. Bangkok, Thailand: Nithitham.
Small stations vex aircraft. (2005, July 19). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Srivalo, P. & Pinijparakarn, S. (2005, May 20). Community radio: PRD orders closure of stations over legal limit. The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
State still dominates, monopolizes media - activist. (2004, November 30). Bangkok Post. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Stations told to register for legality. (2009, August 19). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Sukin, K. (2002, October 11). Community voices: Radio groups band together. The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Tehranian, M. & Tehranian, K. K. (1995). That recurrent suspicion: Democratization in a global perspective. In P. Lee (Ed.). The Democratization of Communication (pp. 38-74). Cardiff: University of Wales Press.
Thai broadcasting regulator: Tackling community radio “first priority.” (2005, October 6). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Thai cabinet backs far-reaching broadcasting reforms. (2007, July 11). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Thai community radios rush to apply for licences. (2009, June 15). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Thai court jails community radio broadcaster. (2006, February 8). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Thai defence minister orders military units to monitor anti-monarchy websites. (2010, October 27). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Thai government orders seven community radio stations to shut down. (2005, September 11). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Thai police raid radio station after coverage of anti-PM rally. (2006, January 15). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Thai protestor warns of more bloodshed. (2010. May 16). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Thai protestor warns of more bloodshed. Academic Database.
Thai telecom commission orders 17 community radio stations closed. (2005, May 19). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Thai writer blames community radio stations for socio-political "rifts.” (2009, February 15). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database. and community radio operators appeal to lift ban. (2006, September 28). Financial Times. Retrieved November 24, 2007, from LexisNexis Academic database.
Thailand cracks down on community radio station interference. (2005, April 29). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Thailand to reconsider emergency law in Chiang Mai. (2010, September 13). BBC. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Tuchman, G. (1978). Making news: A study in the construction of reality. New York: Free Press. Vedelago, C. (2006, February 16). PM using Marcos-style tactics to control press, claims CPJ. The Nation. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database. 2011, from LexisNexis Academic Database.
Vox populi: Protesters take to the air waves. (2002, June 4). The Nation (Thailand). Retrieved May 5,
Wangvivatana, S. (2005). Broadcast media reform: Hope in a nearly hopeless situation. In S. Wangvivatana Association. (Ed.), Media Reform Going Backward? (pp. 1-9). Bangkok, Thailand: Thai Broadcast Journalists (pp. 56-70). Nontaburi, Thailand: Sukhothaithammathirach.
Yusin, S. (2005). History and development of radio in Thailand. Introduction to Radio and Television