A Study on the Problems of Teaching Pali and Sanskrit in Thai and Application of Learning Cycle and Steam Education Concepts to Enhance Analytical Reading Skills in Buddhist Literature

Abstract

            The objectives of this research article are 1) to study the problems of teaching and learning in the Pali and Sanskrit language course in Thai language 2) to study the guidelines for applying teaching models based on the learning cycle concept and STEAM studies together with the web applications to promote the ability to read critical Buddhist literature for undergraduate students. This article is qualitative research. Data were collected through interviews with key informants including: 1) instructor in the Pali and Sanskrit language courses in Thai language, Bachelor of Education, Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University in the northern region, the quantity is 4 people and 2) experts for 5 people by purposive sampling. The tools used in the research include:
1) questionnaire on problem conditions. 2) questionnaire on the application of teaching models, Content Analysis and presented by descriptive analysis.
           The  results  of  the  research  were  as  follows 1) Investigating the current problems in teaching Pali and Sanskrit in the Thai language showed that students were unable to analyze and classify vocabulary due to a lack of foundational knowledge and familiarity with Pali and Sanskrit. This deficiency hindered their learning and analysis of Buddhist literature.
           2) Exploring the application of teaching methods indicated that integrating the learning cycle and STEAM education concepts with web applications enabled students to independently research and construct knowledge through analytical thinking and hands-on practice. Students effectively developed research, analytical, and problem-solving skills. Utilizing web applications as learning tools provided access to information anytime and anywhere, resulting in flexible and student-centered learning. Implementing the learning cycle and STEAM education processes fostered analytical thinking, problem-solving, and creativity through practical engagement.