THE AUTHENTIC LEADERSHIP ROLE REINFORCING STAFF’S WORK-LIFE INTEGRATION: A POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL PERSPECTIVE
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Jun 14, 2020
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Abstract
This article presents an issue about an authentic leadership role reinforcing staff’s work and life integration through a positive psychological capital perspective. The authentic leader will create a balance between a life and working of followers through positive psychological capital and work and life integration, which can affect followers’ effective work performance. The authentic leader will be a person who keeps a well-being of an organization via an organizational culture and clearly reflects a staff role for fulfilling a perfect life that is a highest inspiration of a human life in order to highly illustrate a capacity in every role in the life points. Therefore, an organization change for adjusting a norm of work and life integration direction can increase staff’s capacity, from the supports in terms of work tool and environment, which they can control things upon what they demand in their work and life. This can absolutely affect work satisfaction and effectiveness. In addition, this can retain staff in the organization through organizational strategy by using work and life integration, which it can create longer-term results for leaders, followers, and organization.
Keywords: Authentic Leadership, Work-Life Integration, Positive Psychological Capital
Article Details
How to Cite
Chienwattanasook, K., & Junkrapor, M. (2020). THE AUTHENTIC LEADERSHIP ROLE REINFORCING STAFF’S WORK-LIFE INTEGRATION: A POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL PERSPECTIVE. Journal of Graduate School of Commerce-Burapha Review, 15(1), 59–73. Retrieved from https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/GSC/article/view/227399
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บทความวิจัย
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References
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Amornpipat, I., & Sorod, B. (2017). Development of Thai authentic leadership measure: An application in a Military context. Journal of Community Development Research, 2(10), 11-24.
Ashforth, B. E., & Mael, F. (1989). Social identity theory and the organization. Academy of Management Review, 14(1), 20-39.
Avolio, B. J., & Gardner, W. L. (2005). Authentic leadership development: Getting to the root of positive forms of leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(3), 315-338.
Avolio, B. J., Gardner, W. L., & Walumbwa, F. O. (2007). Authentic leadership questionnaire. Retrieved August 16, 2019, from https://www.mindgarden.com/69-authentic-leadership-questionnaire#horizontalTab1
Avolio, B. J., Luthans, F. (2006). The high impact leader: Moments matter for accelerating authentic leadership development. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Azanza, G., Moriano, J. A., & Molero, F. (2013). Authentic leadership and organizational culture as drivers of employees’ job satisfaction. Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 29(2), 45-50.
Bandura, A. (2001). Social cognitive theory an agentic perspective. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 1-26.
Barnett, R. (1999). A new work-life model for the 21st century. Annals of the American Academy for political and Social Sciences, 562, 143-158.
Bass, B. M., & Steidlmeier, P. (1999). Ethics, character, and authentic transformational leadership behavior. Leadership Quarterly, 10(2), 181-217.
Beauregard, T. A., & Henry, L. C. (2009). Making the link between work-life balance practices and organizational performance. Human Resource Management Review, 19(1), 9-22.
Boateng, P. A., Kyeremeh, A. E., Amoako, E. P., & David, B. (2018). Antecedents of authentic leadership and organizational citizenship behaviors in selected institutions in Brong Ahafo Region. Global Journal of Human Resource Management, 6(2), 34-51.
Boswell, W. R., & Olson-Buchanan, J. B. (2007). The use of communication technologies after hours: The role of work attitudes and work-life conflict. Journal of Management, 33(4), 592-610.
Braun, S., & Peus, C. (2018). Crossover of work–life balance perceptions: Does authentic leadership matter?. Journal of Business Ethics, 149(4), 875-893
Clapp-Smith, R., Vogelgesang, G. R., & Avey, J. B. (2009). Authentic leadership and positive psychological capital: The mediating role of trust at the group level of analysis. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 15(3), 227-240.
Comtois, K. E. (2012). Positive psychology and work-life integration: The mutually satisfying relationship (Unpublished master’ thesis). University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania.
Covelli, B. J., & Mason, I. (2017). Linking theory to practice: Authentic leadership. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 16(3), 1-10.
Culbertson, S. S., Fullagar, C. J., & Mills, M. J. (2010). Feeling good and doing great: The relationship between psychological capital and well-being. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 15(4), 421-433.
Dinh Tho, N., Dong Phong, N., & Ha Minh Quan, T. (2014). Marketers' psychological capital and performance: the mediating role of quality of work life, job effort and job attractiveness. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, 6(1), 36-48.
Easterlin, R. A., & Crimmins, E. M. (1991). Private materialism, personal self-fulfillment, family life, and public interest the nature, effects, and causes of recent changes in the values of American youth. Public Opinion Quarterly, 55(4), 499-533.
Ehrens, H. (2015). Work and Life Integration: Faculty Balance in the Academy. Seton Hall University.
Emand, G. (2017). Self-fulfillment development among the Arab sector in Israel. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 5(5), 91-93.
Friedman, S. D. (2008). Total leadership: Be a better leader, have a richer life. Harvard Business Press.
Friedman, S. D. (2014). Work+ home+ community+ self. Harvard business review, 92(9), 111-114.
Friedman, S. D., & Westring, A. (2015). Empowering individuals to integrate work and life: Insights for management development. Journal of Management Development, 34(3), 299-315.
Gardner, W. L., Cogliser, C. C., Davis, K. M., & Dickens, M. P. (2011). Authentic leadership: A review of the literature and research agenda. The Leadership Quarterly, 22(6), 1120-1145.
Gill, C., Gardner, W., Claeys, J., & Vangronsvelt, K. (2018). Using theory on authentic leadership to build a strong human resource management system. Human Resource Management Review, 28(3), 304-318.
Greenhaus, J. H., Collins, K. M. & Shaw, J. D. (2003). The relation between work-family balance and quality of life. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 63(3), 510-531.
Harrington, B., & Ladge, J. J. (2009). Work-life integration present dynamics and future directions for organizations. Organizational Dynamics, 38(2), 148-157.
Hoch, J. E., Bommer, W. H., Dulebohn, J. H., & Wu, D. (2016). Do ethical, authentic, and servant leadership explain variance above and beyond transformational leadership? A meta-analysis. Journal of Management, 20(10), 1-29.
Holumyong, C., Kittisuksathit, S.,& Khanlek, M. (2017). Work, family and society: A work-life balance that involves more than just time management of workers in the industrial production secter, Kasetsart Engineering Journal, 30(100), 87-102.
Hu, Y., Wu, X., Zong, Z., Xiao, Y., Maguire, P., Qu, F., Wei, J. & Wang, D. (2018). Authentic leadership and proactive behavior: the role of psychological capital and compassion at work. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1-12.
Huang, P. (2017). A framework for research and practice: Relationship among authentic leadership, employee well-being, organizational innovative climate and innovative behavior. Open Journal of Leadership, 6(3), 126-134.
Jiang, H., & Men, R. L. (2017). Creating an engaged workforce: The impact of authentic leadership, transparent organizational communication, and work-life enrichment. Communication Research, 44(2), 225-243.
Jones, L. (1988). Unemployment and Social Integration: A Review. The Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 15(4), 161-176.
Junkrapor, M., & Chienwattanasook, K. (2019). Establishing an innovative organization to drive towards the organizational excellence. Executive Journal, 39(1), 52-66.
Kappagoda, U. W. M. R., Othman, P., Zainul, H., & Alwis, G. (2014). Psychological capital and job performance: The mediating role of work attitudes. Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies, 2, 102-116.
Kemper, T. D., & Reichler, M. L. (1976). Work integration, marital satisfaction, and conjugal power. Human Relations, 29(10), 929-944.
Kinman, G., & Jones, F. (2008). A life beyond work? Job demands, work-life balance, and wellbeing in UK academics. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 17(1-2), 41-60.
Kirchmeyer, C. (2000). Work-life initiatives: Greed or benevolence regarding workers' time? In C. L. Cooper & D. M. Rousseau (Eds.), Trends in organizational behavior, Vol. 7. Time in organizational behavior (pp. 79-93). New York, NY, US: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Konrad, A. M., & Mangel, R. (2000). The impact of work‐life programs on firm productivity. Strategic Management Journal, 21(12), 1225-1237.
Kossek, E. E., Lewis, S., & Hammer, L. B. (2010). Work–life initiatives and organizational change: Overcoming mixed messages to move from the margin to the mainstream. Human Relations, 63(1), 3-19.
Kumar, G. V., & Janakiram, B. (2017). Theories of work life balance-A conceptual review. International Research Journal of Management and Commerce, 4(9), 184-192.
Lazar, I., Osoian, C., & Ratiu, P. (2010). The role of work-life balance practices in order to improve organizational performance. European Research Studies, 13(1), 201-2014.
Lewis, S. (2003). The integration of paid work and the rest of life. Is post‐industrial work the new leisure?. Leisure studies, 22(4), 343-345.
Lewis, S., Rapoport, R., & Gambles, R. (2003). Reflections on the integration of paid work and the rest of life. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 18(8), 824-841.
Li, Y., & Lu, J. (2009). Notice of retraction review on employee job performance dimensions. In 2009 International Conference on Management and Service Science (pp. 1-4). IEEE.
Lifeng, Z. (2007). Effects of psychological capital on employees' job performance, organizational commitment, and organizational citizenship behavior. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 18(2), 328-334.
Luthans, F., Avey, J. B., Avolio, B. J., & Peterson, S. J. (2010). The development and resulting performance impact of positive psychological capital. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 21(1), 41-67.
Luthans, F., Avey, J. B., Avolio, B. J., Norman, S. M., & Combs, G. M. (2006). Psychological capital development: toward a micro‐intervention. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 27(3), 387-393.
Luthans, F., Avolio, B. J., Avey, J. B., & Norman, S. M. (2007). Positive psychological capital: Measurement and relationship with performance and satisfaction. Personnel Psychology, 60(3), 541-572.
Luthans, F., Luthans, K. W., & Luthans, B. C. (2004). Positive psychological capital: Beyond human and social capital. Business Horizons, 47(1), 45-50.
Luthans, F., Youssef, C. M., & Avolio, B. J. (2007). Psychological capital: Developing the human competitive edge. New York: Oxford University Press.
Medina, E. (2017). Work-life balance initiatives and performance: The role of gender as a moderator. In Annual Meeting of the Decision Sciences Institute Proceedings (pp. 1-17). Washington, DC, USA.
Morganson, V. J., Litano, M. L., & O'Neill, S. K. (2014). Promoting work–family balance through positive psychology: A practical review of the literature. The Psychologist-Manager Journal, 17(4), 221.
Muna, F. A., & Mansour, N. (2009). Balancing work and personal life: The leader as acrobat. Journal of Management Development, 28(2), 121-133.
Ning, W., Medina, E., Mayfield, J., & Mayfield, M. (2015). Work-Life Integration Benefits: An Exploratory Study of Selected Employee Outcomes. In 46th Decision Sciences Institute Annual Meeting, Vol. 1. (pp. 1661-1680). Seattle, Washington, USA.
Northouse, P. G. (2018). Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage publications.
Olson-Buchanan, J. B., & Boswell, W. R. (2006). Blurring boundaries: Correlates of integration and segmentation between work and nonwork. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 68(3), 432-445.
Phongatchat, P. (2007). The WLB highest motivation of civil servants, Civil servant journal, 52(5), 39-44.
Shutenko, E. (2015). Motivational and conceptual aspects of students' self-fulfillment in university education. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 214, 325-331.
Thongdi, P. (2018). Leadership of modern organization. Rom Phruek Journal Krirk University, 36(1), 68-87.
Thoti, K. K. (2016). Empirical study on work life integration practices in electronic industry. International Journal of Research in Economics and Social Sciences, 6(1), 275-284.
Valcour, M., Ollier-Malaterre, A., Matz-Costa, C., Pitt-Catsouphes, M., & Brown, M. (2011). Influences on employee perceptions of organizational work–life support: Signals and resources. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 79(2), 588-595.
Walumbwa, F. O., Avolio, B. J., Gardner, W. L., Wernsing, T. S., & Peterson, S. J. (2008). Authentic leadership: Development and validation of a theory-based measure. Journal of Management, 34(1), 89-126.
Walumbwa, F. O., Luthans, F., Avey, J. B., & Oke, A. (2010). Retracted: Authentically leading groups: The mediating role of collective psychological capital and trust. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 32(1), 4-24.
Walumbwa, F., Avolio, B., Gardner, W., Wernsing, T., & Peterson, S. (2008). Authentic leadership: development and validation of a theory-based measure. Journal of Management, 31(1), 89-126.
Wang, H., Sui, Y., Luthans, F., Wang, D., & Wu, Y. (2014). Impact of authentic leadership on performance: Role of followers' positive psychological capital and relational processes. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 35(1), 5-21.
Warszewska-Makuch, M., Bedyńska, S., & Żołnierczyk-Zreda, D. (2015). Authentic leadership, social support and their role in workplace bullying and its mental health consequences. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 21(2), 128-140.
White, M., Hill, S., McGovern, P., Mills, C., & Smeaton, D. (2003). ‘High‐performance’ management practices, working hours and work–life balance. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 41(2), 175-195.
Williams, J. C., Berdahl, J. L., & Vandello, J. A. (2016). Beyond work-life “integration”. Annual Review of Psychology, 67, 515-539.
Amornpipat, I., & Sorod, B. (2017). Development of Thai authentic leadership measure: An application in a Military context. Journal of Community Development Research, 2(10), 11-24.
Ashforth, B. E., & Mael, F. (1989). Social identity theory and the organization. Academy of Management Review, 14(1), 20-39.
Avolio, B. J., & Gardner, W. L. (2005). Authentic leadership development: Getting to the root of positive forms of leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(3), 315-338.
Avolio, B. J., Gardner, W. L., & Walumbwa, F. O. (2007). Authentic leadership questionnaire. Retrieved August 16, 2019, from https://www.mindgarden.com/69-authentic-leadership-questionnaire#horizontalTab1
Avolio, B. J., Luthans, F. (2006). The high impact leader: Moments matter for accelerating authentic leadership development. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Azanza, G., Moriano, J. A., & Molero, F. (2013). Authentic leadership and organizational culture as drivers of employees’ job satisfaction. Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 29(2), 45-50.
Bandura, A. (2001). Social cognitive theory an agentic perspective. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 1-26.
Barnett, R. (1999). A new work-life model for the 21st century. Annals of the American Academy for political and Social Sciences, 562, 143-158.
Bass, B. M., & Steidlmeier, P. (1999). Ethics, character, and authentic transformational leadership behavior. Leadership Quarterly, 10(2), 181-217.
Beauregard, T. A., & Henry, L. C. (2009). Making the link between work-life balance practices and organizational performance. Human Resource Management Review, 19(1), 9-22.
Boateng, P. A., Kyeremeh, A. E., Amoako, E. P., & David, B. (2018). Antecedents of authentic leadership and organizational citizenship behaviors in selected institutions in Brong Ahafo Region. Global Journal of Human Resource Management, 6(2), 34-51.
Boswell, W. R., & Olson-Buchanan, J. B. (2007). The use of communication technologies after hours: The role of work attitudes and work-life conflict. Journal of Management, 33(4), 592-610.
Braun, S., & Peus, C. (2018). Crossover of work–life balance perceptions: Does authentic leadership matter?. Journal of Business Ethics, 149(4), 875-893
Clapp-Smith, R., Vogelgesang, G. R., & Avey, J. B. (2009). Authentic leadership and positive psychological capital: The mediating role of trust at the group level of analysis. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 15(3), 227-240.
Comtois, K. E. (2012). Positive psychology and work-life integration: The mutually satisfying relationship (Unpublished master’ thesis). University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania.
Covelli, B. J., & Mason, I. (2017). Linking theory to practice: Authentic leadership. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 16(3), 1-10.
Culbertson, S. S., Fullagar, C. J., & Mills, M. J. (2010). Feeling good and doing great: The relationship between psychological capital and well-being. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 15(4), 421-433.
Dinh Tho, N., Dong Phong, N., & Ha Minh Quan, T. (2014). Marketers' psychological capital and performance: the mediating role of quality of work life, job effort and job attractiveness. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, 6(1), 36-48.
Easterlin, R. A., & Crimmins, E. M. (1991). Private materialism, personal self-fulfillment, family life, and public interest the nature, effects, and causes of recent changes in the values of American youth. Public Opinion Quarterly, 55(4), 499-533.
Ehrens, H. (2015). Work and Life Integration: Faculty Balance in the Academy. Seton Hall University.
Emand, G. (2017). Self-fulfillment development among the Arab sector in Israel. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 5(5), 91-93.
Friedman, S. D. (2008). Total leadership: Be a better leader, have a richer life. Harvard Business Press.
Friedman, S. D. (2014). Work+ home+ community+ self. Harvard business review, 92(9), 111-114.
Friedman, S. D., & Westring, A. (2015). Empowering individuals to integrate work and life: Insights for management development. Journal of Management Development, 34(3), 299-315.
Gardner, W. L., Cogliser, C. C., Davis, K. M., & Dickens, M. P. (2011). Authentic leadership: A review of the literature and research agenda. The Leadership Quarterly, 22(6), 1120-1145.
Gill, C., Gardner, W., Claeys, J., & Vangronsvelt, K. (2018). Using theory on authentic leadership to build a strong human resource management system. Human Resource Management Review, 28(3), 304-318.
Greenhaus, J. H., Collins, K. M. & Shaw, J. D. (2003). The relation between work-family balance and quality of life. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 63(3), 510-531.
Harrington, B., & Ladge, J. J. (2009). Work-life integration present dynamics and future directions for organizations. Organizational Dynamics, 38(2), 148-157.
Hoch, J. E., Bommer, W. H., Dulebohn, J. H., & Wu, D. (2016). Do ethical, authentic, and servant leadership explain variance above and beyond transformational leadership? A meta-analysis. Journal of Management, 20(10), 1-29.
Holumyong, C., Kittisuksathit, S.,& Khanlek, M. (2017). Work, family and society: A work-life balance that involves more than just time management of workers in the industrial production secter, Kasetsart Engineering Journal, 30(100), 87-102.
Hu, Y., Wu, X., Zong, Z., Xiao, Y., Maguire, P., Qu, F., Wei, J. & Wang, D. (2018). Authentic leadership and proactive behavior: the role of psychological capital and compassion at work. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1-12.
Huang, P. (2017). A framework for research and practice: Relationship among authentic leadership, employee well-being, organizational innovative climate and innovative behavior. Open Journal of Leadership, 6(3), 126-134.
Jiang, H., & Men, R. L. (2017). Creating an engaged workforce: The impact of authentic leadership, transparent organizational communication, and work-life enrichment. Communication Research, 44(2), 225-243.
Jones, L. (1988). Unemployment and Social Integration: A Review. The Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 15(4), 161-176.
Junkrapor, M., & Chienwattanasook, K. (2019). Establishing an innovative organization to drive towards the organizational excellence. Executive Journal, 39(1), 52-66.
Kappagoda, U. W. M. R., Othman, P., Zainul, H., & Alwis, G. (2014). Psychological capital and job performance: The mediating role of work attitudes. Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies, 2, 102-116.
Kemper, T. D., & Reichler, M. L. (1976). Work integration, marital satisfaction, and conjugal power. Human Relations, 29(10), 929-944.
Kinman, G., & Jones, F. (2008). A life beyond work? Job demands, work-life balance, and wellbeing in UK academics. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 17(1-2), 41-60.
Kirchmeyer, C. (2000). Work-life initiatives: Greed or benevolence regarding workers' time? In C. L. Cooper & D. M. Rousseau (Eds.), Trends in organizational behavior, Vol. 7. Time in organizational behavior (pp. 79-93). New York, NY, US: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Konrad, A. M., & Mangel, R. (2000). The impact of work‐life programs on firm productivity. Strategic Management Journal, 21(12), 1225-1237.
Kossek, E. E., Lewis, S., & Hammer, L. B. (2010). Work–life initiatives and organizational change: Overcoming mixed messages to move from the margin to the mainstream. Human Relations, 63(1), 3-19.
Kumar, G. V., & Janakiram, B. (2017). Theories of work life balance-A conceptual review. International Research Journal of Management and Commerce, 4(9), 184-192.
Lazar, I., Osoian, C., & Ratiu, P. (2010). The role of work-life balance practices in order to improve organizational performance. European Research Studies, 13(1), 201-2014.
Lewis, S. (2003). The integration of paid work and the rest of life. Is post‐industrial work the new leisure?. Leisure studies, 22(4), 343-345.
Lewis, S., Rapoport, R., & Gambles, R. (2003). Reflections on the integration of paid work and the rest of life. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 18(8), 824-841.
Li, Y., & Lu, J. (2009). Notice of retraction review on employee job performance dimensions. In 2009 International Conference on Management and Service Science (pp. 1-4). IEEE.
Lifeng, Z. (2007). Effects of psychological capital on employees' job performance, organizational commitment, and organizational citizenship behavior. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 18(2), 328-334.
Luthans, F., Avey, J. B., Avolio, B. J., & Peterson, S. J. (2010). The development and resulting performance impact of positive psychological capital. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 21(1), 41-67.
Luthans, F., Avey, J. B., Avolio, B. J., Norman, S. M., & Combs, G. M. (2006). Psychological capital development: toward a micro‐intervention. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 27(3), 387-393.
Luthans, F., Avolio, B. J., Avey, J. B., & Norman, S. M. (2007). Positive psychological capital: Measurement and relationship with performance and satisfaction. Personnel Psychology, 60(3), 541-572.
Luthans, F., Luthans, K. W., & Luthans, B. C. (2004). Positive psychological capital: Beyond human and social capital. Business Horizons, 47(1), 45-50.
Luthans, F., Youssef, C. M., & Avolio, B. J. (2007). Psychological capital: Developing the human competitive edge. New York: Oxford University Press.
Medina, E. (2017). Work-life balance initiatives and performance: The role of gender as a moderator. In Annual Meeting of the Decision Sciences Institute Proceedings (pp. 1-17). Washington, DC, USA.
Morganson, V. J., Litano, M. L., & O'Neill, S. K. (2014). Promoting work–family balance through positive psychology: A practical review of the literature. The Psychologist-Manager Journal, 17(4), 221.
Muna, F. A., & Mansour, N. (2009). Balancing work and personal life: The leader as acrobat. Journal of Management Development, 28(2), 121-133.
Ning, W., Medina, E., Mayfield, J., & Mayfield, M. (2015). Work-Life Integration Benefits: An Exploratory Study of Selected Employee Outcomes. In 46th Decision Sciences Institute Annual Meeting, Vol. 1. (pp. 1661-1680). Seattle, Washington, USA.
Northouse, P. G. (2018). Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage publications.
Olson-Buchanan, J. B., & Boswell, W. R. (2006). Blurring boundaries: Correlates of integration and segmentation between work and nonwork. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 68(3), 432-445.
Phongatchat, P. (2007). The WLB highest motivation of civil servants, Civil servant journal, 52(5), 39-44.
Shutenko, E. (2015). Motivational and conceptual aspects of students' self-fulfillment in university education. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 214, 325-331.
Thongdi, P. (2018). Leadership of modern organization. Rom Phruek Journal Krirk University, 36(1), 68-87.
Thoti, K. K. (2016). Empirical study on work life integration practices in electronic industry. International Journal of Research in Economics and Social Sciences, 6(1), 275-284.
Valcour, M., Ollier-Malaterre, A., Matz-Costa, C., Pitt-Catsouphes, M., & Brown, M. (2011). Influences on employee perceptions of organizational work–life support: Signals and resources. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 79(2), 588-595.
Walumbwa, F. O., Avolio, B. J., Gardner, W. L., Wernsing, T. S., & Peterson, S. J. (2008). Authentic leadership: Development and validation of a theory-based measure. Journal of Management, 34(1), 89-126.
Walumbwa, F. O., Luthans, F., Avey, J. B., & Oke, A. (2010). Retracted: Authentically leading groups: The mediating role of collective psychological capital and trust. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 32(1), 4-24.
Walumbwa, F., Avolio, B., Gardner, W., Wernsing, T., & Peterson, S. (2008). Authentic leadership: development and validation of a theory-based measure. Journal of Management, 31(1), 89-126.
Wang, H., Sui, Y., Luthans, F., Wang, D., & Wu, Y. (2014). Impact of authentic leadership on performance: Role of followers' positive psychological capital and relational processes. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 35(1), 5-21.
Warszewska-Makuch, M., Bedyńska, S., & Żołnierczyk-Zreda, D. (2015). Authentic leadership, social support and their role in workplace bullying and its mental health consequences. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 21(2), 128-140.
White, M., Hill, S., McGovern, P., Mills, C., & Smeaton, D. (2003). ‘High‐performance’ management practices, working hours and work–life balance. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 41(2), 175-195.
Williams, J. C., Berdahl, J. L., & Vandello, J. A. (2016). Beyond work-life “integration”. Annual Review of Psychology, 67, 515-539.