International Journal of Development Administration Research

Governing Public–Private Artificial Intelligence Partnerships: Balancing Public Value and Commercial Interests in the Digital State

2026-05-05T10:00:45+07:00

This study examines the governance of Public–Private Partnerships (PPPs) in Artificial Intelligence (AI) within the context of the digital state. As governments increasingly rely on AI-driven systems for public service delivery, risk assessment, and administrative decision-making, collaboration with private technology firms has moved beyond conventional outsourcing arrangements into the core architecture of public authority. Unlike traditional PPPs focused on infrastructure or service provision, AI-enabled partnerships embed private actors within algorithmic decision infrastructures that directly shape public outcomes. Drawing on qualitative policy analysis and documentary research, this study integrates PPP governance, algorithmic governance, and public value theory. The findings demonstrate that AI-driven partnerships reconfigure PPPs from contractual risk allocation toward the co-production of algorithmic authority. Data asymmetry, technical opacity, and commercial incentives generate structural tensions between market efficiency and the preservation of public value, including transparency, accountability, equity, and legitimacy. The study proposes an integrated governance framework encompassing four dimensions: contract governance, data governance, algorithmic transparency and auditability, and public value accountability. By conceptualizing Public–Private AI Partnerships as a form of co-production of algorithmic authority, this research extends PPP theory into the domain of digital governance and highlights the institutional conditions necessary to sustain democratic legitimacy in AI-enabled public administration.

Digital Transformation in Vietnamese Museums: Artificial Intelligence, Visitor Experience, and Sustainable Cultural Tourism Development

2026-05-05T09:49:59+07:00

In the context of digital transformation reshaping cultural institutions worldwide, the museum system in Vietnam has also increasingly adopted digital technologies in exhibition practices, management, and heritage interpretation. However, existing studies have primarily focused on the technical application of digital technologies in museums, while the role of digital transformation as an integrated strategy connecting technology, public experience, and sustainable heritage development remains insufficiently examined. In response to this gap, this study proposes a theoretical approach that conceptualizes digital transformation in museums as a strategic process integrating artificial intelligence (AI) with interactive technologies such as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) to enhance visitor engagement and experiential interaction. This study employs a qualitative research approach, combining literature review, content analysis, and comparative case-study analysis of representative museums in Vietnam. The findings identify three major trends in the digital transformation process: (1) the increasing digitization of artifacts and development of digital databases; (2) the expansion of immersive and interactive experiences through VR and AR technologies; and (3) the integration of artificial intelligence into museum operations, including interpretation services, data management, and visitor support systems. In addition, statistical data from 2023 to mid-2025 indicate a steady increase in visitor numbers at museums adopting digital technologies, although various contextual factors also influence this trend. The findings further demonstrate that digital transformation, when implemented as an integrated strategic approach rather than merely as a technical tool, not only improves operational efficiency but also strengthens cultural communication capacity, expands accessibility to cultural heritage, and contributes to the promotion of sustainable cultural tourism development. The article simultaneously proposes an integrated framework that combines technology, heritage interpretation, and sustainable cultural tourism within contemporary museum studies. Based on this perspective, the study recommends directions for developing integrated and sustainable digital museum models in Vietnam. It provides practical references for museum managers, policymakers, and researchers within the broader Southeast Asian context.

Bridging the Gap: The Need for Applying Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Private Kindergarten Administration in Bangkok under the Preschool Education Association of Thailand (P.E.A.T.)

2026-05-05T09:48:19+07:00

This study adopts the Gap Analysis Framework and the Modified Priority Needs Index (PNIModified), conceptually derived from the needs assessment approach of Witkin and Altschuld (1995). Data were collected during the Academic Year 2025. The contribution of this study lies in identifying AI needs within kindergarten administration, a context distinct from K–12 and higher education because AI implementation must balance pedagogical support, child development, ethical safeguards, and parent engagement. This working paper investigates the need for applying Artificial Intelligence (AI) in private kindergarten administration in Bangkok under the Preschool Education Association of Thailand (P.E.A.T.). Using a quantitative research design grounded in the Gap Analysis Framework, the study examines discrepancies between current and desired conditions across six administrative dimensions: Administrative Efficiency, Data Management and Analytics, Communication and Engagement, Instructional Support, Quality Assurance and Compliance, and Change Readiness and Professional Development. Data were collected from 175 administrators and analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Priority Needs Index (PNI_Modified). The findings reveal a substantial gap between current implementation (x̄ = 2.55) and desired conditions (x̄ = 4.58), indicating a strong demand for systematic AI integration. Instructional Support emerged as the highest priority (PNI_Modified= 1.01), followed by Quality Assurance and Compliance (0.98) and Data Management and Analytics (0.97). The results suggest that AI is perceived not merely as a tool for efficiency, but as a strategic mechanism for enhancing pedagogical quality, strengthening governance, and enabling data-driven decision-making. The study highlights the need for systemic alignment, infrastructure development, and professional capacity building to support sustainable AI adoption in early childhood education administration. The contribution of this study lies in identifying AI needs within kindergarten administration, a context that differs substantially from K–12 and higher education settings because AI implementation must balance administrative efficiency with child development principles, ethical safeguards, and parent engagement. The findings, therefore, contribute not only to educational administration literature but also to emerging policy discussions concerning responsible AI integration in early childhood education.

Political Literacy in Thailand’s Pre-Primary and Primary Education Curricula in the Digital Age

2026-05-11T07:58:50+07:00

Political literacy has gained paramount importance in the digital era, as young learners require not only civic virtues but also the capacity to critically engage with mediated information. This study analyzes the integration of political literacy within Thailand's pre-primary and primary education curricula, incorporating insights from educators and academic experts to guide curriculum enhancement. The study employed a qualitative design, integrating document analysis of the Early Childhood Education Curriculum B.E. 2560 (2017) and the Basic Education Core Curriculum B.E. 2551 (2008), interviews with 24 educators in Northern Thailand, and a focus group of six academic experts. The analysis was informed by four elements of political literacy: political knowledge, political skills, political attitudes, and competencies relevant to the digital age. Research indicates that political literacy predominantly manifests in implicit forms via moral development, social responsibility, and democratic coexistence, whereas explicit political knowledge, critical political skills, and competencies pertinent to the digital age are notably deficient, particularly in areas such as source evaluation, misinformation detection, digital verification, and awareness of AI- and algorithm-driven information contexts. The study emphasizes the necessity for a clearer and developmentally suitable curriculum design and adds to the sparse scholarship on political literacy in preprimary and primary education, especially in Northern Thailand.

Development of a Participatory Community Animal Health System under the One Health Approach through Veterinary Volunteer Mobile Services in Udon Thani Province, Thailand

2026-05-25T16:44:06+07:00

This study examined the outcomes of a participatory community animal health system developed under the One Health approach, through veterinary volunteer mobile services that supported the Princess Mother’s Medical Volunteer Foundation in Udon Thani Province, Thailand. A community-based evaluative case-study design was employed using secondary project records, mobile service logs, household-level evaluation summaries, community participation records, and post-project sustainability indicators. The intervention was implemented over a 12-month period through repeated veterinary mobile service rounds, household-level consultation, vaccination, deworming, animal health screening, community education, referral support, and the establishment of local animal health networks. The project database covered 4 subdistricts, 8 villages, 240 target households, and 612 animals. During implementation, 14 mobile service rounds were conducted in 7 service villages, generating 762 cumulative household-service visits and 2,819 cumulative animal-service contacts or follow-up care instances. After 12 months, 214 households, representing 89.2% of the target households, had accessed animal health services at least once. Preventive animal health practices improved substantially: annual vaccination behavior increased from 30.0% to 83.8%, regular deworming from 22.5% to 77.5%, and annual animal health check-up behavior from 16.3% to 72.1%. Knowledge and practices related to zoonotic disease prevention also improved, including rabies transmission awareness from 48.7% to 95.4%, appropriate response after animal bites from 32.1% to 90.8%, and reporting abnormal animal conditions from 27.9% to 85.0%. The system generated wider social and economic outcomes. Average annual household expenditure on animal treatment decreased from 2,850 to 1,420 baht, while access to veterinary consultation increased from 22.1% to 88.3%. Community animal health leaders increased from 3 to 29 persons, and early animal illness reporting systems expanded from 1 of 8 villages to all 8 villages. Post-project sustainability indicators showed continued animal health activities, active local leaders, sustained vaccination and deworming practices, and ongoing coordination with local administrative organizations. These findings suggest that veterinary volunteer mobile services, when designed as a repeated participatory community system rather than a one-time service event, can strengthen household animal health practices, improve zoonotic disease prevention behavior, reduce access and economic burdens, and support shared community–professional One Health implementation in rural areas. The model provides practical implications for community-based veterinary public health, rural service equity, and integrated human–animal–environment health governance.