Journal of Criminology and Forensic Science

An Overview of the Development in Forensic Fingerprint Detection

2024-10-01T11:53:22+07:00

Fingerprint detection remains an indispensable tool in forensic investigations, enabling the identification of individuals from their fingerprints left at crime scenes. The distinctive ridge patterns on fingertips serve as unique identifiers for individuals. Traditionally, fingerprint detection has relied on chemical methods that utilize reagents to react with amino acids present in fingerprint residues. These chemicals dissolved in perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl are often applied to the examined surface to develop the fingerprint. However, these chemicals pose significant health hazards to investigators due to their inherent toxicity. As a result, there has been a growing impetus to develop fingerprint detection methods that eliminate the use of hazardous chemicals, exhibit high forensic sensitivity, and are environmentally friendly. This review article comprehensively explores the history of fingerprint use in forensic science, the chemical and physical composition of fingerprints, the use of cyanoacrylate fuming for fingerprint detection as well as classical techniques that using ninhydrin and iodine as reagents. The development of new environmentally friendly and safe fingerprint detection techniques using water as a solvent, and future research directions to improve and develop more effective fingerprint detection methods will also be discussed.

Applications of Terahertz Waves in Forensic Science: Advancements, Challenges, and Future Prospects

2025-01-21T10:57:07+07:00

The applications of terahertz waves in forensic science are opening new dimensions in evidence examination and criminal investigation. This article presents an overview of terahertz wave technology, covering its physical principles, detection and analysis technologies, and applications in forensic science. The unique properties of terahertz waves, such as their ability to penetrate opaque materials, sensitivity to chemical detection, and safety for operators, give this technology high potential in detecting forged documents, analyzing drugs and explosives, and revealing latent fingerprints. The analysis of case studies and experimental results demonstrates superior performance compared to traditional methods in many aspects. However, challenges remain in terms of cost, technological complexity, and ethical and legal issues that need to be addressed. This article also presents future trends and developments, including recommendations for research and development to unlock the full potential of terahertz wave technology in forensic science. This advancement will lead to enhanced accuracy and efficiency in the justice system.

Genetic Investigation for Tracing and Verifying the Origins of Confiscated Wildlife

2025-01-13T10:54:03+07:00

Genetic investigation is an important field of wildlife forensic science that can help investigate evidence and trace the origins of confiscated wildlife. Each species has a specific distribution range by zoogeography. For instance, this includes the Asian elephant, African savanna elephant, African forest elephant, tiger, leopard, and various pangolin species. Therefore, the distribution ranges can be used to help trace the origins of confiscated species. Moreover, genetic data can be used to investigate parent-offspring relationships to verify the origins of captive wildlife as claimed by their owners. In cases of uncertainty, such data can support the accurate and transparent documentation of captive wildlife possession. Therefore, the genetic investigation of wildlife more effectively supports the enforcement of wildlife trade regulations in Thailand, aligning with the intent of the CITES convention.

Design and Test of Instructional Media to Prevent Unsafe Technology Use in Educational Institutions in Bangkok and the Metropolitan Region

2025-01-28T08:51:57+07:00

This study had the objective to design and try out instructional media to prevent the use of unsafe technologies in educational institutions in Bangkok and the Metropolitan Region since these areas are at risk of crime in many aspects due to the highest rate of technology use in Thailand. A mixed-method research approach was employed, including a literature review, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions with 22 administrators, teachers, and personnel, and data collection from questionnaires with 341 lower secondary school students, and the try out with 136 students. The results discovered that appropriate instructional media should be animated to cover three areas: test cheating, online gambling, and raising awareness. After the try out, positive opinions were obtained on the application in learning and factors affecting the misuse of technology from students’ motivation, awareness, attitudes, and perceptions. However, this study highlights the importance of developing effective instructional media to sustainably cope with social and technological changes. Future research should focus on designing instructional methods along with the development of policy mechanisms and enforcing laws to prevent corruption in educational institutions as a start of widespread social crimes.

A Study of Elemental Composition and Morphology of Gunshot Residue Particles Caused by Shotguns Triggered by big toe using SEM/EDX

2025-01-27T21:04:46+07:00

The society is facing the problems from epidemic and economic crisis causing stress and inability to find a solution to tackle. In many cases, the use of long guns to commit suicide has been increasing. It is impossible to use hand to pull the trigger. Shotguns are weapons that can be held by the public. In this research, the distribution pattern of the amount of particle and elemental composition of gunshot residue were studied by using big toe pulling the trigger. Scanning Electron Microscope/Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy, SEM/EDX was used to analyze with one-way ANOVA analysis. By using two types of rifles, consisting of the Baikal shotgun and the Remington .308 rifle with four types of bullet which are Rifled Bullet, Slug Bullet, Birdshot Bullet (80xBB) and Buckshot bullets (Ninth mm). It was found that the number of critical elemental components of GSR particles after shooting a gun from different four types of bullets compared to the same type of bullet in each interval after the shooting ranged from 0, 2, and 6 hours. In the same kind of element, the %weight values did not difference. And the particles characteristics from all four types of bullets found that the shape was quite circular and peeled orange. It shows that during the three periods of sample collection, important elements- Antimony (Sb) , Barium (Ba) and Lead (Pb) were used to confirm that they were derived from a gunpowder after firing. The application of technology in the analysis of evidence in legal cases enhances the credibility of physical evidence and contributes to the determination of the defendant's guilt or the affirmation of their innocence in the field of forensic science.

Cognition and Attitude of Student Faculty of Medical Technology Rangsit University: Case of Kratom Removing out The Fifth Category of Narcotic Drug

2025-01-08T13:20:11+07:00

The purposes of this research were to 1) study the cognition level, attitude level and knowledge of the Kratom law new edition (the Kratom Plant Act, A.D. 2022) case of Kratom removing out the fifth category of narcotic drug 2) study the comparative cognition and the level of knowledge of the new cottage law new edition (the Kratom plant act, A.D. 2022) classified by individual factors. The research method is quantitative research. Research population is undergraduate student year 1–4 faculty of medical technology Rangsit University 500 people. The study was a questionnaire survey method. The findings revealed as follows: General knowledge about Kratom Plant student attitude toward of Kratom removing out the fifth category of narcotic drug and knowledge of the Kratom law new edition (the Kratom Plant act, A.D. 2022) of Kratom removing out the fifth category of narcotic drug mostly overall found moderate level. Factors is age year of study , domicile and having participated in drug-related training courses affect common knowledge about Kratom plants are different. Statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Factors is having participated in drug-related training courses affect student attitude about Kratom plants are different. Statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Factors is having participated in marital status and having participated indrug-related training courses affect student general knowledge with the new Kratom law (the Kratom Plant Act, A.D. 2022) are different statistically significant at the 0.05 level.

A Comparative Study of Post-Mortem Examination Systems in Thailand and Other Countries: Guidelines for Justice System Development

2025-03-26T07:51:00+07:00

This research aims to compare forensic investigation systems between Thailand and other countries, analyze the advantages and limitations of each system, and propose recommendations for improving Thailand's forensic investigation process. The study employs a documentary research method and comparative analysis of forensic systems in Thailand, Japan, and the United States. The findings indicate that Thailand primarily relies on the role of the police in forensic investigations, whereas countries like Japan emphasize the involvement of specialized medical professionals, and the United States focuses on judicial management and mixed systems. Furthermore, the study identifies issues related to personnel and resource shortages in Thailand, which hinder operational efficiency. The results highlight the need to establish specialized organizations, enhance personnel skills, and invest in modern technology to elevate the effectiveness of Thailand's justice system.

Examination of Gasoline Adsorbed on Different Fabrics Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Technique

2025-01-20T15:36:01+07:00

Arson is a serious crime that can cause extensive damage to both life and property. Identifying evidence to link suspects to the crime is, therefore, crucial. Detecting fuel residues provides valuable information for establishing connections between evidence and suspects. This study aimed to investigate the presence of gasoline residues on various types of fabrics using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Specifically, 50 µl of gasoline was applied to six types of fabric samples: raw cotton, linen, nylon, polyester, rayon, and Italian silk. Gasoline samples from each fabric were collected at the following time intervals: immediately, 1 hour, 3 hours, and 6 hours, and analyzed using FTIR. The chromatograms identified the presence of gasoline components, including benzene, toluene, o-xylene, p-xylene, and ethyltoluene. The results showed that gasoline residues were detected in all samples even after 6 hours of exposure. Additionally, the amount of gasoline detected in the samples tended to decrease over time. This research has potential applications in detecting gasoline at crime scenes, thereby effectively aiding investigative process.