Journal of Fine Arts, Chiang Mai University

The Development of Khon Learning Systems

Jansamorn Pholboon — 2022-12-30

This research work is an experiment in the style of One Group Pretest Posttest Design. It uses mixed research methodology which includes both qualitative and quantitative methods by using instruments, which are 1) lessons of the Ramakian story, 2) Thai masked dance (Khon) learning management system, 3) A performance test questionnaire, and 4) quality and satisfaction assessment questionnaire. Data are collected and analyzed as follows: 1) the collect information of Ramakian story from documents and information media to determine the direction for the study; 2) to collect information from field work with the following methods: (1) to take photographs of murals of the Temple of the Emerald Buddha to create graphic works and to record the lecture on Ramakian story to make video clips; (2) to analyze Ramakian story to design pretest-posttest examination questionnaire; (3) to set up learning system for teachers, to analyze the system and to design database system; and (4) to distribute the quality and satisfaction assessment questionnaire. The samples are selected with purposive sampling technique from students from the department of Thai classical dance and performance, Songkhla Rajabhat University, the total number of which is 15.

The objectives of this research works are 1) to analyze Ramakian story; 2) to develop Thai masked dance (Khon) learning systems to promote self-learning; and 3) to evaluate outcomes of the learning of Thai masked dance (Khon).

The findings are as follows. 1. Concerning basic information of the Ramakian, I, the researcher, have set the scopes of the content to be from the beginning of the Ramakian story to the dead of Ravana, which can be divided into 7 phases as follows: 1) the original cause of Ramakian story; 2) the beginning of the Ramakian story; 3) Rama’s, Laksaman’s, and Sita’s ordination; 4) the beginning of army mobilization; 5) journey to Lanka City, 6) the battle with demons; and 7) Ravana’s battle. 2. The making of learning system of the Ramakian story uses a web application consisting of (1) a web board; (2) pretest-posttest examinations; and (3) lesson learnt based on the research outcome in Item 1. 3. Concerning the assessment of the outcomes from the learning through the system of the management of the learning of Ramakian story, the findings showed that the students’ average pretest score is 62.67. It is found out that the average posttest score is 123.80. Comparing with each other, the learning outcomes of the students after the learning through learning systems is higher than the pretest score with 0.05 statistical significance. In addition, the overall pictures of the results of the assessment of quality and satisfaction of the learning system in two categories are at a high level.

Pra Maha Stupa Chaitya Design guideline

Watcharaphong Chumduang — 2022-12-30

This paper has two objectives. The first objective is to understand the design concepts of Pra Maha Stupa Pagoda in Buddhism principles, which view a stupa as a place that has been designed to provide a spiritual space that encourages human beings to comprehend their life paths towards nirvana. The second objective is to identify and analyze the design concepts of Pra Maha Stupa Pagoda as the spiritual center, serving as a place to cultivate peaceful mind, concentration, and wisdom with connection to the development of human body and mind. These can be done on the basis of the three studies (Tri Sikkha) principle encompassing morality, concentration, and wisdom. The principle also refers to the noble path, an essence part of the Four Noble Truths. The pagoda also carries symbolic meaning to serve Buddhists and people worldwide. Furthermore, it has been created to serve suitable life and function as a sacred place to fulfill spiritual needs to calm minds and to promote consciousness. The pagoda is also designed to concur with natural ways of living and spiritual development towards happiness, calmness and enlightenment.

The traces of creation on the way of faith through the art of Sculpture

Pakit Bunsut — 2022-12-30

Historical buildings and architectures have the roots on human cultures and civilizations. In ancient time, human beings in Stone Age used tools and instruments as weapons before polishing them beautifully. Later, human beings in Bronze Age created hunting equipment, housings as their shelters, containers, utensils and clothing in their lives. Afterwards, natural phenomena had caused human beings to become interested in mysterious beliefs and religious rites, prayers, sacred places for people hold rites of their communities, dances and body accessories including clothings, masks and body-paints, sculptures and carved symbols or icons decorating such places to protect the places whenever there were natural disasters such as thunders, heavy rains and floods that destroyed agricultural crops that were vital for human lives. All of such beliefs took place when human beings had observed and recorded incidents happening each day until people in the first human civilization around 5,000 B.C. in Mesopotamia and Egypt built mausoleums to house preserved corpses or mummies with the belief in the immortality of souls. These peoples built mausoleums as buildings with arch roofs from bricks or stone or hard stone plates as mastabas, such as rock catacomb in Beni Hason City. The Romans followed the Greeks and the Egyptians, combined the art styles of the two peoples to order to create grand arts including architectures, paintings and sculptures that are unique. Extravagant Roman arts reflect the interests in fighting and law of the Romans. The stone architects as arches, vaults and corbels allowed the Romans to build extravagant architectures. Meanwhile, Asia has India and China have great numbers of populations and many ancient architectures that reflect the relationship between human beings and eastern way of life that affect religious and cultural beliefs. Thus, it is necessary to look at the origin that is related to each ancient architecture that I, the researcher, am interested in until I have created this creative research work with academic content concerning the memories of human beings reflecting beliefs and faiths through architectural symbols that manifest the stories through materials as rocks, wood, cement, clay and metal used for building architectures in the unique style of each era.

Photography Creation of "Wat Lanna" by Pinhole Camera and Cyanotype

sakkarin suttisarn — 2022-12-30

The creation of photography set of "Wat Lanna (Lanna Temples)" is the creation of photographic works using alternative processes, including Pinhole Process and Cyanotype Process which is one of the monochrome processes in the past. The creation of work is expressed through the contours of the religious architecture in Lanna culture to reflect faith and beliefs in Buddhism of Lanna people in the past that are expressed through the construction of temples according to Lanka Wong Approach. This project aims to shoe the beauty of photographic art through an alternative photography process that were popular in the past. Even though its popularity has declined in the modern era in which photographic technology is rapidly evolving. These ancient processes are still capable of creating aesthetic beauty and communicating through "photographs," which is not inferior to the photograph techniques at present, like the ancient religious places that remain today, which also serve as the religious spiritual anchor for Chiang Mai people which was the centre of the Lanna Kingdom and exhibit Lanna architectural beauty which also does not degenerate over the time but becomes more valuable by their identity. This series of work has been created by collecting information related to temples in Lanna culture, and have been influenced by Takashi Homma’s (Takashi 2021, Online), Craig Barber’s (Barber 2021, Online) and Henry Peter Bosse's works (Bosse 2021, Online). The works by aforementioned artists are analyzed to determine the composition and techniques for bringing the 2 photographic alternative processes to work together since both processes are limited in creativity, unlike modern photography that are less restrictive, in order to create the results that have creativity.

The results from the creation have shown that the implementation of the combination of both alternative photography processes in Lanna architectural photography of religious places less to satisfying monochrome photographs according to the concept. The expectations are that the audience will get to know both aesthetics of photographic art and will learn about the alternative processes in photography while having the awareness of the uniqueness of Buddhism in Lanna that is expressed through the architecture.

The Development of Clothes for Maternal Patients

Jiratchaya Wanchan — 2022-12-30

The objective of this research is to develop Delivery Gowns in Thammasat University Hospital that meet patients’ desire and create patients’ satisfaction especially in terms of comfort and easiness for breastfeeding. This research work uses Mixed Research Methodology, including both the quantitative research and the qualitative research methodologies. The group of 82 maternal patients are selected from Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Thammasat University Hospital with purposive sampling technique. The data collection tools for this research are a questionnaire on problem concerning the gowns that patients encounter, and a questionnaire on satisfaction with the designed gowns in several aspects. Data from the samples who have tried on the designed gown are collected and analyzed. The findings from the research have shown that design B (x̄ = 4.25) is the most satisfying of all because it is a kimono robe with string at the waistline that is easy to wear and comfortable for breastfeeding. The following designs are design C (x̄ = 3.97) which is a long tonic with round neck, opening from the shoulder and string, and design A which is like a nurse gown with separate two pieces, consisting of a kimono top and a wrap around skirt (x̄ = 3.90). All the three designs have the breastfeeding function which can be opened wide to easily breastfeed. This benefit from this research is the new design maternity gown to be used in Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Thammasat University Hospital.

The Creation of Story-telling Art Work of the Tale of Mr.Thongdee and a Man with Two Kettles

Supachai Sastrasara — 2022-12-30

Stories of human beings trigger the thinking, questioning and construction to the status as human beings in the environs of materialism. What kind of thinking have such stories trigger, what feelings they cause towards the way of life that has been changed under the flow of the changing culture, and the advancement of technologies and remote communication? Collateral effects caused from radical development in various dimensions have led to the destruction of cultural roots, the abandonment of ethnicity, and the loss of domestic wisdoms, love for motherland, visions and ways of thinking that have been passed on from ancestors for a long period of time. All the aforementioned phenomena are consequences of material development that has been ahead of people (and thus has dominated people). In this project, I, the Author, have studied on changes in all the aforementioned matters throughout the life in order to understand the natures and statuses of changes.

Pati Thongdee and I, two friends with different ages, have had many conversations, with music played along. The more conversations we have had the closer our relationship is. It is the close and flowing relationship between an upstream person and a downstream person, each of which play his own roles and supports each other in order to tell the stories of forest, water and motherland that give to people who live on highlands and plains lives and food.

The work in this project is created by the team of no less than 30 members who are sculptors, painters, writers, story tellers and even the governor of Kalayaniwatthana District who facilitates the transportation of 5 cubic meters of laterite to Rampoeng Kraboksiangsathan in order to create the environs to be in accordance with the needs of the artists. All the components work together to tell the story of people and fertility of forest through art works.

Not only does the dissemination of the work in this project aim at the attainment of new meanings of aestheticism but it also, in my opinion and belief, urges audiences, with key story and contents of this art works, to question the life, society and things, with the emphasis on the key principles of arts. As for the presentation of the works in this project, I use some of my highlighted works in the past 5 years as the complements that show the process of creation in terms of patterns, techniques, concepts, and attitudes and beliefs concerning the creation of my works in order to reflect the dispositions and objectives of the creation of the works.

Value Addition of Dried Fruit Products by Packaging Design

Ratchadaporn Jaimun — 2022-12-30

Dried Fruit Market is considered as a highly competitive market. Packaging design can create additional value of the product, which enhances competitiveness in the market. The purposes of this study are to design the packaging and brand of dried fruits for the agricultural product processing community at Tha Lor Village, Chiang Mai Province, and to study on consumers’ satisfaction toward the designed packaging using self-administrated questionnaires for 30 consumers and gathering the consumers' opinion regarding how can packaging design impact consumers' attraction on a purchase of dried fruits. Criteria of a packaging design are modern and simple styles with the sense of Thai Lanna. Eight styles of packaging are designed and self-administrated questionnaires are used for evaluating the satisfaction toward the designed packaging of 150 consumers selected with accidental sampling technique, and15 packaging design specialists and 3 entrepreneurs selected with purposive sampling technique. The results indicated that Styles 2, 7 and 1 obtained the higher satisfaction score than others and all the sample groups have given the highest scores on their colors, attraction and art composition. In addition, the entrepreneurs have the most satisfaction to Style 5, because of its identity can reflect brand personality and can be applied to various graphics.

Murals from the assumption in Chapel of Wat Prasat

Thanapon Junkasain — 2022-12-30

The objectives of this research are (1) to study and analyze information related to murals in the Chapel of Wat Prasat, Nonthaburi Province, and (2) to disseminate and preserve the murals in the Chapel of Wat Prasat, Nonthaburi Province with Digital Painting technique.

The results are as follows. The murals in the Chapel of Wat Prasat has been painted in the late Ayutthaya period with Craftsmanship of Nonthaburi Province. They can be considered as the oldest murals in Nonthaburi Province. At present, these murals have been severely damaged. The front wall and back wall of the Buddha statue inside the Chapel have been repaint over completely. Approximately 40 percent of the murals on left and right walls have been lost so original Image cannot be identified. As for the parts of murals that still appear, about 50 percent of them have faded. Furthermore, the lower part of the murals, around one-fifth of the overall, was damaged completely. Concerning the positioning of murals in the Chapel of Wat Prasat, it has been found out as follows. It is clear that the murals have been related to the Buddha image inside. Actually, these murals can be divided into 3 groups, namely, 1) the Ten Jataka (stories of the 10 major past lives of Lord Buddha) murals, 2) Thep Phanom (greeting angels) murals, and 3) Past Buddhism murals. I, the researcher, have selected two murals, namely, “Mahosadha” and “Narada Jataka” with purposive sampling. Both of these murals are in the group of “The Ten Jataka murals”. They are used as prototype images for creation with Digital Painting technique, with the concept "Conservation by minimizing touch of the original murals". In evaluating “Murals from the assumption in the Chapel of Wat Prasat”, I, the researcher, have used questionnaires of performance indicators. The results show that most of the viewers of the murals are satisfied in the "high" level. In addition, it is also found out, "this work can be a part to conserve ancient Thai murals” with the mean of 4.40 which falls in "high" level. The results from the questionnaire show that the conservation of murals with digital painting technique is one of the ways of the conservation of ancient murals.

'Statue of a Girl of Peace', Art with a Taboo in the Japanese Culture

Bordee Budda — 2022-12-30

Censorship is always present in every area in society and something has been pushed to become 'prohibited'. No matter how democratic the society is, artists and the general public cannot accept them and try to find space for expression. The controversy and criticism of social irregularities are expressed through artistic means. In an article entitled 'Statue of a Girl of Peace', arts and the status as a taboo thing in the Japanese cultural context have the focuses on the constant censorship of contemporary art from the past to the present and the obstructions of creativity and expression of artists and art exhibitions.

This article aimed of questioning the right to freedom of expression among artists communicating through art works in contemporary society today, with the social and cultural contexts in Japan as a case study. Analyzing and explaining the censorship through an artwork called 'Statue of a Girl of Peace', one of the works affected by the phenomenon. The work is on display as part of the ‘Aichi Triennale’ International Contemporary Art Exhibition in 2019 to give an overview of the contemporary art censorship phenomenon that takes place across all areas, until we become familiar and analyze small points of events that can be linked to the explanation on the phenomenon in the international overview.

The situation of censorship of contemporary art and the blockage in various forms of creativity from past to present are structurally unchanged. Content is often a sensitive social issue such as the one concerning race, gender, religion, and politics. The blockage process ranges from criticizing, intimidating, threatening, detecting, seizing, destroying, banning, ceasing activities, arresting, up to assault and attempted against the artists. I, the author, comment on this issue that developing a society with a better direction can be achieved by driving society towards learning, acceptance and understanding of the different systems of thought and beliefs, which also known as "Pluralistic Societies." The path to reconciliation may lie in the support of a set of ideas or attitudes that believe that humans in society have different value systems.

A non-democratic society is a society attached to a specific value system which is at risk against social development. The structural problems can be solved by opening up areas for mutual learning of the many differences in the society, focusing on peaceful and free coexistence among diverse ideas, creative artists still feels safe to uphold their identities, the values to which all beliefs are accepted, and the freedom with boundary is fully scrutinized by civil society.

Royal Style Art in Thonburi Thai Temples to The Creation of Contemporary Painting

Panpassorn Phatthapasit — 2022-12-30

This research aimed study royalism art to draw conclusions of the form of creation of royal style art works, study contemporary art to summarize the findings of contemporary art forms of creation and create contemporary paintings inspired by royal style art in the reign of King Rama III. The researcher studied royalist art in five Thai temples in Thonburi that constructed according to the royal style and built by kings, royal families, nobles and common people, which consider very informative cases, namely Wat Ratchorasaram Ratchaworawihan, Wat Nang Nong Worawihan, Wat Kalayanamit Woramahawihan, Wat Sawetachat Worawihan. and Wat Prasert Sutthawat. Then, the researcher had created a sketch of the painting and interview form. The interviews were conducted on independent artists, Art teachers and art scholars. Visual arts theories and criteria for assessing the quality and value of painting. (Soonpongsri 2016, 211 - 294) were applied into interview form and used as a criterion for assessing the quality and value of painting. Descriptive analysis was used.

The findings of quality and value assessment of the contemporary painting inspired by the influence of royal style art during King Rama III’s reign revealed that this set of contemporary paintings reflects all 3 values. 1) The aesthetic value; the composition was appropriate with the forms in which derived from architectural structure and pattern of the unique Thai - Chinese blended culture. 2) The emotional value; the paintings were impressive and appreciative for the past glory. 3) the conceptual value; the paintings were meaningful presenting the prosperity of Buddhism and the relationship between Thai and China even though the economic side was not so clearly showed in the paintings. All three of aesthetic, emotional and conceptual values shown in this set of paintings could be reflected the unique beauty influenced by Royal style art of Thai temple in Thonburi area. It was the classical and timeless beauty, worthy of awareness to be knowledgeably collected and pass on to the next generation.

Journal of Fine Arts Vol.13 No. 2 (July - December 2022) - Full version

Journal of Fine Arts Chiang Mai University — 2022-12-30

Journal of Fine Arts Vol.13 No. 2 (July - December 2022)

Journal of Fine Arts Chiang Mai University — 2022-12-30