Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo <p> </p> <p><strong>Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University</strong></p> <p>ISSN : 2774-1370 (Online)</p> en-US paponsan.p@nsru.ac.th (Asst.Prof.Dr.Paponsan Potipitak) Kwanchanok.k@nsru.ac.th (Ms. Kwanchanok Kitthao) Mon, 31 Mar 2025 17:41:31 +0700 OJS 3.3.0.8 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 The Relationship between Transformational Leadership of School Administrators and Teachers’ Job Satisfaction under the Office of the Private Education Commission in Uthai Thani Province https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269504 <p>The purposes of this research were 1) to study the transformational leadership level of school administrators 2) to study the job satisfaction level of teachers, and 3) to study the relationship between transformational leadership of school administrators and teachers’ job satisfaction under the Office of the Private Education Commission in Uthai Thani Province. The sample group in this research was composed of 132 teachers who were selected by multi-stage sampling. The research instruments were a questionnaire on the transformational leadership of school administrators with a validity of 0.67-1.00 and a reliability of 0.97 and a questionnaire on teachers’ job satisfaction with a validity of 0.67-1.00 and a reliability of 0.94. The statistics used for data analysis were mean, percentage, standard deviation, and Pearson’s correlation analysis. The research findings were as follows:</p> <p> 1) The level of transformational leadership of school administrators in overall and in each aspect were at a high level, ranking in descending order as the suitable role model, the idealized influence, the technology management, the shared vision, the individualized consideration, the intellectual stimulation, and the inspirational motivation. 2) The level of the teachers’ job satisfaction in overall in each aspect were at a high level, ranking in descending order as responsibility, achievement, work itself, recognition, and advancement. And 3) the relationship between the transformational leadership of school administrators and job satisfaction of teachers under the Office of the Private Education Commission Uthai Thani Province in overall was found with a positive relationship at a high level with a statistically significant at the .01.</p> Napat Kobkaiyakij, Thinnakorn Cha-umpong, Yaowares Pakdeejit Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269504 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 Guidelines for Academic Operations of Prajim Pattana Educational Quality Development Network Cluster Attached to Chiang Mai Primary Educational Service Area Office 6 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269525 <p>The objectives of this 1) study where Study the academic operation status of the Prajim Pattana Quality Development Network 2) Develop guidelines for Academic Operations of Prajim Pattana Educational Quality Development Network Cluster, 3) Verify the accuracy and appropriateness of the guidelines for the academic operation of the Prajim Pattana Quality Development Network. The target group for this study was selected using a purposive sampling method, with specific criteria defined include: There were 2 educational administrators, 11 educational institution administrators, 6 educational supervisors, 22 academic teachers, a total of 41 people. The tools used were a 5-level scale questionnaire, a structured interview form. Verification form for accuracy and suitability Data analysis was frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation. And Content Analysis. The results of the study found that:</p> <p> 1) the academic operations conditions of the network group in all 4 areas were at a moderate level 2) the academic operations guidelines of the network group consisted of (1) planning aspect (2) operation aspect. (3) Supervision and monitoring (4) Operation improvement and conditions for success in the operation of the guidelines. 3) Verification of accuracy. And suitability of the academic operations of the network group at the highest level Pass the specified criteria in every aspect.</p> Prachaya Sommana, Tharn Thongngok, Yongyouth Yaboonthong Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269525 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 Operations Guidelines for Teachers’ Guidance of Trontrisin School, Uttaradit Province https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269585 <p>This research aimed to 1) Examine the current state, desired conditions and priority needs index of guidance operations of teachers at Trontrisin School, Uttaradit Province. 2) Study the guidelines for the guidance operations of schools with established best practices. 3) Develop and check the suitability and feasibility of guidelines for the guidance operations practices at Trontrisin School, Uttaradit Province. <br />The tools used 1) questionnaire 2) interview form 3) suitability and feasibility assessment form. The statistics used in this research are mean, standard deviation, priority needs index and content analysis. The results of the research found that:</p> <p> 1) The current condition of the guidance operations of teachers at Trontrisin School, Uttaradit Province Overall it is at a high level. The desired conditions of guidance operations are generally at the highest level. The highest priority needs index is guidance services, followed by the organization of guidance according to the basic education core curriculum and the lowest priority needs index is ethical aspects of guidance. 2) Guidance operations must organize guidance activities according to the basic education core curriculum, provide guidance services and teachers must have a guidance ethic. Administrators and teachers must work together in planning, operating, supervising, monitoring, evaluating and continuously improve and develop guidance activities. 3) Develop and check the suitability and feasibility of guidelines for the guidance operations practices at Trontrisin School, Uttaradit Province. It was found that 131 operations guidelines according to the quality management process that is the PDCA system, emphasize the principles of participation in operations. 46 guidelines for organizing guidance activities according to the basic education core curriculum, 44 guidelines for guidance services and 41 guidelines for compliance with guidance ethics.</p> Tiptida Intanon, Tharn Thongngok, Yongyouth Yaboonthong Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269585 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 The Use of Mathematics Learning Skill Exercises Integrating the Contemplative Education Concepts to Develop Basic Abilities in Studying Mathematics of Students at 1st Grade Level, Ban Mae Lamo School https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269609 <p>The objectives of this research are: 1) To develop a mathematics skill exercise on basic mathematical skills and integrate psychoeducation concepts to be effective according to the 80/80 criteria. 3) To study students' satisfaction with learning arrangements with mathematics learning skills exercises. This research is a quasi-experimental research. The sample was 21 students from Grade 1, Semester 2, Academic Year 2023, Ban Mae Lamao School, Mae Sot District, Tak Province. The tools used in the research were: 1) learning management plans, 2) skill exercises, 3) basic math skills assessments, 4) student satisfaction assessments, all consisting of Indexes of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) at 0.67, and 5) basic mathematics proficiency tests being Coefficients of Alpha’s Reliability at 0.71. Analysis of data using statistics including percentage, mean, standard deviation, and independent T-test. The research results were found as follows;</p> <p> 1) Basic math skills exercises for Grade 1 students at Ban Mae Lamao School. Efficiency 91.43 / 92.62 higher than the set threshold of 80/80. 2) Learning achievement by using skill exercises on basic skills in mathematics Integrated contemplative education concepts of Grade 1 students at Ban Mae Lamao School After studying, having been statistically higher significant than before learning at .01. 3) Students' satisfaction with learning management using skill exercises Integration of psychoeducation concept on basic mathematical skills of Grade 1 students at Ban Mae Lamao School at the highest level </p> Soephita Soncome, Montree Linphoo, Nisa Luengkhunwat Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269609 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 The Relationship between Transformational Leadership of School Administrators and Academic Affairs under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Nakhon Sawan https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269666 <p>The purposes of this research were 1) to study the transformational leadership level of school administrators 2) to study the academic affairs and 3) to study the relationship between transformational leadership of school administrators and academic affairs under the secondary educational service area office Nakhon Sawan. The samples of this research were 320 school administrators and teachers selected</p> <p>by multistage sampling. The research instruments were a questionnaire on the transformational leadership of school administrators, which had 0.67-1.00 points of an index of item objective congruence and reliability coefficient of 0.90, and a questionnaire on academic affairs which had 0.67-1.00 points of an index of item objective congruence and reliability coefficient of 0.94. The statistics used for data analysis were mean, standard deviation, and Pearson product moment correlation analysis. The findings were as follows:</p> <p> 1) The level of transformational leadership of school administrators in overall was at a high level. 2) The level of the academic affairs in overall was at a high level. And 3) The relationship between the transformational leadership of school administrators and academic affairs under the secondary educational service area office Nakhon Sawan was overall found with a positive relationship at a high level with a statistically significant at the .01.</p> Chanuwat Singha, Supachai Tawee, Teepipat Suntawan Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269666 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 Good practices in budget management of Anubanmuang Nakhon Sawan School, Nakhon Sawan Province https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269683 <p>The purposes of this research are for 1) study good practices in budget management. 2) study recommendations regarding good practices in budget management of Anubanmuang Nakhon Sawan School, Nakhon Sawan Province. The processes on this study have two steps: 1) study of good practices in budget management 2) study of recommendations regarding good practices in budget management. The group of informants consisted of five school administrators, teachers, and officials. Data analysis used content analysis. The research results found that:</p> <p> 1) The results of the overall study of good practices in budget management found that the financial budget management uses a government management system that complies with regulations. Use an action plan by arranging to record budget requests. Approval of the Basic Education Commission. Carry out the action plan, organize the KTB Corporate Online system, connect the accounting system, use the Microsoft Excel program developed for convenience. Control the budget, check the daily balance report. Prepare a disbursement control register. 2) The results of the study of recommendations regarding good practices in school budget management found that educational institution administrators should manage the budget according to the operational plans, projects, activities, operations, inspections, and evaluations of the projects. Summary of the Self-Assessment Report (SAR) that connects to the school supplies finance system. Use technology in risk management according to the real-time KTB Corporate Online system to reduce the workload of financial officers and teachers to be ready for teaching and learning. and budget management innovations should be disseminated to other educational institutions.</p> Kantima Yookrung, Nat Rattanasirinichakun, Phitthaya Saengsawang Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269683 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 Needs and Guidelines Development of Digital Competency for Teachers under Secondary Education Service Area Office Sukhothai https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269706 <p>The purpose of study were to 1) assess need assessment and 2) to consider guidelines development of digital competency for teachers. This study is divided into two steps. The first step is to assess need assessment development of digital competency for teachers. Data gathered was provided by 285 samples. Reliability of actual condition questionnaire is 0.90 and should be condition questionnaire is 0.93. The second step is to consider guidelines development of digital competency for teachers. The samples were 5 experts. The data were analyzed through Modified Priority Needs Index (PNI modified). analyzed including mean and standard deviation and content analysis. The research demonstrated that:</p> <p> 1) Results of needs assessment were found that there was a need for teachers to develop digital competency arranged from highest to lowest as follows: 1.1 the assessment of digital competency. 1.2 the promoting digital potential and facilitation for learners. 1.3 the production and selection of digital media. 1.4 digital learning management. 1.5 the participation in professional development. 1.6 ethics and safety in using digital media. and 1.7 digital literacy. 2) The guidelines development of digital competency for teachers were revealed that. 2.1 results of examining the appropriateness of the overall and individual development guidelines were at the highest average level, with the area with the highest average being the role of the teacher who received the development, followed by the development process and methods develop the aspect with the lowest average is the developer role. 2.2 The findings suggest that school administrators should set a clear vision, define digital teacher competencies, establish information systems and development models, provide guidance and constructive feedback, motivate innovation, allocate resources and technology, and foster a supportive, diverse network culture for professional teacher development.</p> Thitinart Punngon, Nat Rattanasirinichakun, Henry Yuh Anchunda Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269706 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 Factors Affecting Academic Administration in The Digital Age of Schools under Phichit Secondary Educational Service Area Office https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269714 <p>The objectives of this research were to 1) to investigate the level of factors affecting digital academic administration in the digital age. 2) to examine the level of digital academic administration in the digital age. 3) To identify the relationship between the level of factors affecting digital academic administration and the level of digital academic administration in the digital age. 4) To form a predicting equation of the relationship between the level of factors affecting digital academic administration and the level of digital academic administration. The Sample were 11 school administrators and 274 teachers by using Krejcie, &amp; Morgan formula and simple random sampling. The research instruments were a questionnaire on factors affecting academic administration in the digital age with the between 0.67-1.00 and the reliability coefficient with the between 0.93-0.99 and a questionnaire on level of academic administration in the digital age with the between 0.67-1.00 and reliability coefficient of 0.98. The statistics used for data analysis were mean, percentage, standard deviation, and Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results of the study were as the following:</p> <p> 1) The level of factors affecting digital academic administration of schools in overall was at high level. 2) The level of academic administration in the digital age of schools in overall was at high level 3) The relationship between the factors affecting academic administration of schools were the positive relationship with the correlation coefficients were between 0.56 – 0.75 statistically significance at .01 level. 4) The factors in the aspect of educational media and technology (X<sub>6</sub>), parents and community (X<sub>2</sub>), and teacher (X<sub>1</sub>) affecting academic administration with statistically significance at .05 level. The predicted factors those affected the digital academic administration of school was 66% accurate.</p> Kuljira Sukatavichit, Supachai Tawee, Teepipat Suntawan Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269714 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 Best practices in using innovations in academic administration to achieve excellence of Nakhon Sawan Schools https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269723 <p>Independent research aimed at research purposes 1) best practice and 2) suggestions regarding best practices in using innovations in academic administration to achieve excellence of Nakhon Sawan Schools. The research method consists of 2 steps: 1) Study of best practices and 2) Study of recommendations regarding best practices. The group of informants was the school director, vice director, academic teachers, and teacher, 5 people. Data analysis used content analysis. The research results found that:</p> <p> 1) The results of the study of good practices in using innovations in academic administration to achieve overall excellence found that the school used innovative academic administration that emphasizes hands-on learning for students. When considering each aspect, it was found that (1) Curriculum for promoting learning in special classrooms, Highlights of using study plans in special projects, Organize specialized courses, Focus on promoting language, Proactive learning, Organize activities to promote a variety of special abilities, Organize measurement and evaluation technology media through an online system (2) Learning management system, Organize learning using technology media, Organize a team of i-champion subjects to be mentors in using technology media for teachers. (3) Supervision and teaching, Provide internal supervision, Promote learning management for students to think, act and transfer knowledge. (4) Academic Cooperation and Learning Exchange Network Organize learning and exchange activities to promote a strong and diverse network of cooperation. 2) The results of the study suggestion of best practices in using innovations in academic administration to achieve excellence, it was found that a monitoring system should be established to guide life skills in continuing education, provide credit banking programs, and improve courses to respond to changes in educational institutions and the global environment.</p> Jutamat Nakphanom, Nat Rattanasirinichakun, Phitthaya Saengsawang Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269723 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 The Needs and Guidelines for Developing teachers' active learning management competency under the Phitsanulok Primary Educational Service Area Office 2 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269745 <p>Independent research aimed at research purposes 1) study the needs and 2) study guidelines for developing the competency of active learning management of teachers under the Phitsanulok Primary Educational Service Area Office 2. The research methodology consists of 2 steps: 1) studying the needs and competencies of teachers' active learning management. The sample group was 291 people. This sample was derived through stratified random sampling based on school size, utilizing the Krejcie and Morgan table. The instrument used was a questionnaire with proportional rating scales of 5 levels. The results were made of percentage, average and a modified Priority Needs Index (PNI) method and 2) studying approaches to develop teachers’ active learning competencies by interviewing 5 experts, data were analyzed using content analysis. The results of the research found that:</p> <p> 1) there is a need for the development of teachers' active learning management competency under the jurisdiction of the Phitsanulok Primary Educational Service Area Office, Area 2, arranged in descending order as follows: (1) the use and development of technological media in learning management, (2) the learner-focused learning management aspect, (3) the measurement and evaluation of learning outcomes, and (4) the design and organization Make a proactive learning plan and 2) Guidelines for developing teachers’ active learning management competencies. Overall, it was found that an understanding of the concept of active learning management must be created, supervised, and supported in developing active learning management skills including strengthening the potential of leaders in proactive learning management by creating learning communities (PLCs), which is a process that requires continuous support and collaboration between teachers and administrators in educational institutions.</p> Khongkwan Thola Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269745 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 A Supervision Model in the Digital Age of Small Schools Under the Office of the Basic Education Commission https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269750 <p>The objectives of this research were to: 1) analyze the elements of a supervision model in the digital age of small schools; 2) create a supervision model in the digital age of small schools; and 3) evaluate a supervision model in the digital age of small schools. The research method was conducted in three steps: Step 1: analyzing the elements of a supervision model in the digital age of small schools. The sample group, obtained through multistage sampling, consisted of 403 educational supervisors, administrators, and teachers. The instruments used include a recording form, an interview form, and a questionnaire with a reliability = 0.942. The statistics used in the research are frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and exploratory component analysis. Step 2: Create a supervision model in the digital age of small schools by holding connoisseurship sessions with nine experts. Step 3: Evaluating a supervision model in the digital age of small schools. Data were collected from a sample group, which included 18 educational supervisors and school administrators, using purposive selection. The instruments were assessment forms. The statistics used in the research are the mean and standard deviation. The research findings were as follows:</p> <p> 1) The analyzing elements of a supervision model in the digital age of small schools comprised seven main elements, which were: (1) existing conditions survey; (2) supervision plan; (3) creating supervision tools; (4) creating supervision atmosphere; (5) knowledge sharing; (6) using communication technology; and (7) supervisory evaluation. 2) The results of creating a supervision model in the digital age of small schools. 3) The results of evaluating a supervision model in the digital age of small schools in the aspects of accuracy, propriety, feasibility, and utility were rated at the highest level.</p> Thanaporn Srisaket, Satorn Subruangthong, Teepipat Suntawan Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269750 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 An Administrative Model of Smart schools Under the Office of The Basic Education Commission https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269751 <p>This research aimed to 1) analyze the elements of smart school administration, 2) create a smart school administration model, and 3) evaluate the smart school administration model. The research consisted of 3 steps: Step 1: Analyze the elements of smart school administration, Step 2: Create a smart school administration model, and Step 3: Evaluate the smart school administration model. This research was mixed-methods research. The population was administrators and teachers of 81 kindergarten schools in the province. The sample consisted of 67 schools and 469 informants. The research was conducted by multi-stage random sampling, interviews with 13 experts, expert seminars with 9 people, and model evaluators with purposive selection. The research instruments included document recording forms, interview forms, questionnaires with IOC values ​​of 0.80–1.00 and reliability of 0.98, expert seminar recording forms, and model evaluation forms. The statistics used in the research were frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and exploratory factor analysis. The research findings were as follows:</p> <p> 1) The components of smart school administration consisted of 7 components with a weight value of (0.72-0.51): (1) Vision, Policy, and Strategy; (2) Technology Management; (3) Quality Management; (4) Executive Leadership; (5) Teacher Potential Development; (6) Learning School; and (7) Student Quality. 2) The result of creating a smart school administration model consisted of 3 parts: Part 1 is the introduction, Part 2 is the content, and Part 3 is the conditions for success. 3) The result of the evaluation of the smart school administration model overall had the highest evaluation result (= 4.60, S.D.= 0.23). The evaluation results of each aspect of correctness, appropriateness, feasibility, and usefulness were at the highest level.</p> Keeratiya Kanklaew, Saythit Yafu, Teepipat Suntawan Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269751 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 Guidelines for Student Affairs Administration for Schools Educational Opportunity Expansion Schools under the Nakhon Sawan Primary Educational Service Area Office 1 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269805 <p>The purposes of this research were. 1) Studying the problems of student affairs administration. The sample was 217 administrators and teachers. The instruments used for data collection was a questionnaire guideline with the validity between f 0.67- 1.00 and the reliability of 0.99. Data were analyzed by mean and standard deviation. 2) Finding the guidelines by using focus group 7 experts. The instrument was a focus group recording form and analyzed the data using content analysis techniques. 3) Evaluating the by key informant of 9 people. The instruments used for data collection was evaluation form. Data were analyzed by mean and standard deviation. The research finding were as follows:</p> <p> 1) The problems of student affairs administration of Educational in overall was at a moderate level. When considering each aspect, it was found that the highest problem was the student support system at the high level, followed by guidance work at a moderate level and the lowest problem was the student activity at a low level. respectively. 2) the guidelines for student affairs administration for Educational. Was found that: Student activity, should be encouraged to teacher set policy and performance goals together with parents, Governance work should be encouraged to teacher cooperate with parents and outside agencies, Student welfare work should encourage to teachers determine appropriate welfare benefits together with parents and student representatives, and Student support system work should have systematic, efficient and in the same direction and Guidance work should be encouraged teachers to training to guidance work or the psychology of counseling from experts. 3) The evaluation of the guidelines for student affairs administration Educational 5 sections overall was at the highest level. The accuracy was at the highest level. Appropriateness at the highest level. Feasibility at the highest level, and usefulness at the highest level.</p> Ansulee Namluk, Satorn Subruangthong, Supattana Hompubpha Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269805 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 A study of the process of creating a virtual reality board game using Socioscientific Issues of agriculture and food safety that support to lifelong learning of learner https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269837 <p>The aim of this study was to examine the proficiency of science teachers in designing a board game integrating augmented reality (AR). Additionally, it aimed to formulate a framework for crafting such board games tailored for science educators and to assess students' perceptions of lifelong learning when engaging with board games enhanced by AR facilitated by science teachers. The study involved five voluntary science teachers instructing at the junior high school level, collaborating in the development of a board game. Research instruments included a voluntary questionnaire for lower secondary science teachers, an assessment form evaluating science teachers' competence in creating AR-infused board games, records of reflections on playing board games integrated with AR, and a questionnaire gauging learners' perceptions of lifelong learning. Data analysis encompassed both quantitative and qualitative methods, employing content analysis.</p> <p> Results revealed that science teachers demonstrated proficiency in crafting board games incorporating AR and utilized this competency to devise a framework for integrating AR into board game design. Moreover, findings indicated positive learner perceptions towards the utilization of board games enhanced with AR for educational purposes.</p> Katiya Bunsuan, Nutthapong Mahanam Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269837 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 The Improvement of Learning Achievement on Complex Sentence by Using the 5E Learning Cycle with Online Media of Mathayomsuksa 3 Students https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269858 <p> The objectives of this research were; 1) To affirm the effectiveness of the lesson plan on “Complex Sentence” for Mathayomsuksa 3 students that should meet a 80/80 criterion; 2) To compare the student’s learning achievement scores before and after learning via 5E learning cycle with an online media; and 3) To explore student’s satisfaction toward of Achievement on “Complex Sentence” by Using 5E Learning Cycle with online media of Mathayomsuksa 3 Students. The sample group consisted of 35 students from a class of Mathayomsuksa 3/1 during a 2023 academic year in Suwannaphumpittayapaisarn, Roi-Et province. These participants were selected by cluster random sampling; meanwhile, several types of research tools were utilized including a set of 6 lesson plans for 12 hours of the content on “Complex Sentence”, with an appropriateness mean of 4.59. the student’s learning achievement test on “Complex Sentence” with 30 question items and each item had 4 choices, the reliability for the entire version was 0.91.; and the questionnaire on the student’s satisfaction towards the learning management plan using 5E learning cycle with an online media, with an Index of item Objective Congruence between 0.60-1.00. The data analysis was processed with basic statistics and T-test dependent sample. The research outcome was listed as below;</p> <p> 1) The learning management plan on “Complex Sentence” using 5E learning cycle with an online media for Mathayomsuksa 3 students was affirmed to be effective with a E1/E2 criterion of 81.14/80.86.<br />2) The students learning achievement scores were higher than their pre-test scores with a statistical significance of .05. 3)The student’s satisfaction after learning via the learning management plan using 5E learning cycle with an online medium was rated the highest with the mean score of 4.75. </p> Kwuanvilai Butpakdee, Nutkritta Nammontree Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269858 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 The Factors Affecting Internal Quality Assurance of CHAO PHRAYA-PASAK Group Under The Department of Learning Promotion https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269890 <p>The purposes of this research were 1) to study the factors level of the internal quality assurance operations of schools, 2) to study the levels of quality assurance operations of schools, 3) to study the relationship between factors the internal quality assurance operations of schools and quality assurance operations of schools, and 4) to create a predictive equation for quality assurance operations of schools. <br />The sample in this research were 278 school administrators and teachers. The instruments for collecting data were questionnaires of assessing factors affecting internal quality assurance operations of schools and quality assurance operations of schools. The statistics used for data analysis were mean, standard deviation, pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple stepwise regression. The findings were as follows:</p> <p> 1) The level of factors affecting internal quality assurance operations of schools in overall was at high level. 2) The level of internal quality assurance operations of schools in overall was at a high level. 3) The relationship between factors affecting internal quality assurance of schools and internal quality assurance operations of schools had positive correlation that in overall was at very high level (r<sub>xy</sub> = 0.83) with is statistically significant at the .01 level. 4) The factors impact on the implementation of quality assurance of schools with statistically significance at the .05 level. The predictive equation for quality assurance operations of schools was as follows:</p> <p> The predictive equation for raw scores: y' = 0.39 + 0.22(X<sub>1</sub>) + 0.24(X<sub>2</sub>) + 0.14(X<sub>7</sub>) + 0.18(X<sub>6</sub>) + 0.12(X<sub>3</sub>)</p> <p> The predictive equation for standardized scores: z' = 0.23(Z<sub>1</sub>) + 0.30(Z<sub>2</sub>) + 0.17(Z<sub>7</sub>) + 0.20(Z<sub>6</sub>) + 0.13(Z<sub>3</sub>)</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> Wanida Saengin, Thinnakorn Cha-umpong, Yaowares Pakdeejit Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269890 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 The Relationship Between Transformational Leadership of School Administrators and Teamwork of Teachers under Phichit Primary Educational Service Area Office 2 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269912 <p>The purposes of this research were: 1) to study the level of the transformation leadership of school administrators. 2) to study the level of teamwork of teachers and 3) to study the relationship between the transformational leadership of school administrators and teamwork of teachers. The sample group consisted of 365 directors and teachers that had been selected by a simple random sampling method. The instrument of this research was a 2 questionnaires where the values of reliability equal to 0.94 and 0.96 respectively. The statistics used in this study were average, standard deviation and Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient. The research findings were as follows:</p> <p> 1) The level of the transformation leadership of school administrators was overall at high level ( = 4.21, S.D. = 0.69). When considering by side, it was found that the highest was the ideological influence at high level (= 4.26, S.D. = 0.65). The lowest was the individual consideration at high level (= 4.13, S.D. = 0.69). 2. The level of teamwork of teachers was overall at high level ( = 4.21, S.D. = 0.74). When considering by side, it was found that the highest was the trust in the team at highest level (= 4.30, S.D. = 0.84). The lowest was the interaction and interpersonal relations in the team at high level (= 4.12, S.D. = 0.78). 3. The relationship between the transformation leadership of school administrators and teamwork of teachers were overall where there was rather moderate level of positive (r<sub>xy </sub>= 0.65). All aspects had statistically significant at the .01 level.</p> Phanthep Kunok, Saythit Yafu, Paponsan Potipithak3 Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269912 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 The Relationship between the Transformational Leadership of School Administrators and Academic Administration under Uthaithani Primary Educational Service Area Office 2 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270028 <p>The purposes of this study were: 1) to study the transformational leadership level of school administrators, 2) to study the academic administration level, and 3) to study the relationship between the transformational leadership of school administrators and the academic administration. The samples used in this study were 297 school administrators and teachers by using Krejecie, &amp; Morgan and multi-stage sampling. The instruments used for data collection of this research were a questionnaire on the transformational leadership of school administrators with the reliability of 0.94 and a questionnaire on academic administration with the reliability of 0.97. The statistics used for data analysis were mean, standard deviation, and Pearson’s correlation analysis. The research findings were as follows:</p> <p> 1) The level of transformational leadership of the school administrators in overall was at a high level. It was found that the most problematic was intellectual stimulation. 2) The level of academic administration was at a high level. It was found that the most problematic was developing the school’s curriculum. The relationship between the transformational leadership of school administrators and the academic administration in overall was positive correlation (r<sub>xy</sub> =0.85) with statistically significance at the .01 level. When considering each aspect, it was found that the item with the highest relationship value was intellectual stimulation at a high level (r<sub>xy</sub> =0.803), followed by create inspiration at a high level (r<sub>xy</sub> =0.795), vision at a high level (r<sub>xy</sub> = 0.792), idealized influence at a high level (r<sub>xy</sub> = 0.780), and the lowest relationship value was individualized consideration at a high level (r<sub>xy</sub> = 0.686) with statistically significance at the .01 level, respectively.</p> Gasinee Singlar, Thinnakorn Cha-umpong, Yaowares Pakdeejit Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270028 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 The Implementation of Student Care and Support Systems Using Digital Technology of Schools Under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Khon Kaen https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270036 <p> This research aimed to study 1) to study the implementation of student care and support systems using digital technology and 2) to study guidelines for developing the implementation of student care and support systems using digital technology of schools under The Secondary Educational Service Area Office Khon Kaen. The sample was teachers who are responsible for the student care and support system, totaling 84 persons. The instruments using for this research were the 5 rating scales questionnaires with the confidence of 0.98. Statistics that analyze the data include frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and content analysis. The research results were found as follows;</p> <p> 1) The implementation of student care and support systems using digital technology of schools under The Secondary Educational Service Area Office Khon Kaen overall and each aspect is at a high level. Student promotion and development, it has the highest average, followed by prevention and problem solving. As for student referrals has the least average 2) Guidelines for developing the implementation of student care and support systems using digital technology found that (1) Knowing students individually use the application to help collect student information. (2) Student screening use an application to help filter separate student groups. (3) Promoting and developing students use online social networks to promote activities. (4) Preventing and solving problems provide consultation through online channels. and (5) Student referrals There is a system for forwarding information to experts.</p> Suradhada Singhawano, Akchatree Suksen Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270036 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 Guidelines development Management of the Burmese Language Curriculum in Educational Institutions Under the Tak Secondary Educational Service Area Office https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270074 <p>This research aims to study 1) To study the condition Administrative problems in administering the Burmese language curriculum in educational institutions 2) Compare the administrative conditions in the administration of the Burmese language curriculum in educational institutions. 3) Find ways to develop the administration in the administration of the Burmese language curriculum in educational institutions. Under the jurisdiction of the Tak Secondary Educational Service Area Office, It is quantitative research. The sample group used in this study consisted of 11 school administrators and 92 foreign language teachers by determining the sample size by stratified stratification. The instrument used to collect data was a questionnaire. The 5-level rating scale has content validity between 0.60–1.00 and the confidence value for the whole version was 0.88. Questionnaire with more than 1 choice of answer and structured interview form from 17 experts. Data were analyzed by means, standard deviations, percentages, analyzed by finding t-values Data were analyzed using statistics (F-test) and testing for differences in pairwise means by Scheffe's method. Content analysis Frequency distribution and prioritize. The research results found that;</p> <p> 1) The overall management of the Myanmar language curriculum in schools is at a high level. The most prominent aspect is curriculum implementation, followed by curriculum evaluation. 2) A comparison of curriculum management by school size shows significant differences at the 0.05 level, while no significant differences are found based on work experience. 3) Guidelines for improvement suggest that administrators should analyze data, provide teacher training, and involve stakeholders in setting goals, content selection, and instructional planning. Additionally, schools should support teachers with clear guidelines, communication, and feedback mechanisms to enhance curriculum implementation and development.</p> Jariya Boonma, Prachob Kwanman Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270074 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 A Study of Learning Achievements with A Set of Group Practical Skills for The Brass Instrument Based on Suzuki Concept of Students in Music Club at Ban Jadeekho School, Tak Province https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270079 <p>This research is an experimental research with the objectives being 1) to compare academic achievement, before studying and after studying using a set of group practical skills for brass instrument based on Suzuki method 2) To study satisfaction from using a set of group practical skills for brass instrument based on Suzuki method, The population used in the research was students of the music club. Practice of brass wind instruments. Ban Jadeekho School, Tak Province, 1st semester, academic year 2023, number of 12 students, is a purposive selection. The tools used in the research were a set of brass wind instruments group practice skills according to the Suzuki concept, a pre-study and post-study achievement test. The statistical values ​​used are mean, percentage, t-test and standard deviation. The research results were found as follows;</p> <p> 1) Students of the International Music Club received lessons with a set of brass wind instruments practice skills according to the Suzuki concept. There was achievement in learning and practicing the brass wind instrument group. After studying was significantly higher than before studying at the .05 level. 2) Satisfaction with the teaching and learning arrangement by the set of practice skills for the brass wind instrument group. According to the Suzuki concept at a very satisfactory level </p> Sujinda Phophueng, Prapansak Pumin Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270079 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 Guidelines for strengthening servant leadership in the aspect of Understanding and empathy for the school's studentcouncil, large Educational Opportunity Expansion School : A case study of Phinphonrat Tangtrongjit School 12 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270082 <p>The research aimed to 1) study the problem. The informants were 3 student councils, 2 teachers, and 3 administrators. The data analysis used content analysis. 2) Assess the needs. The informants were 25 student councils. The data was analyzed by finding the average and sorting the data with a card (Card Sort). 3) Create and examine the approach. The informants were 3 experts. The appropriateness check tool had a reliability value of 0.85. The data analysis used the mean and standard deviation. 4) Test and evaluate the approach. The informants were 25 student councils. The research tool used a self-evaluation form from learning reflection after the activity. The satisfaction assessment had a reliability value of 0.91. The results of the research found that:</p> <p> 1) The results of the study of the problem conditions mostly show problems in the issue of listening to opinions. 2) The results of the assessment of needs, ranked from most to least, are (1) understanding others, (2) knowing how to give others a chance, (3) being aware of group opinions, (4) having a spirit of service, and (5) knowing how to encourage others. 3) The results of the development and examination of the guidelines consisted of 7 steps: principles, objectives, content, processes, techniques/methods, activities, and measurement and evaluation, which were at a high level of appropriateness. 4) Results of the trial and evaluation of the approach. The trial by action research consisted of planning, team meetings, content determination, and identifying the process, techniques, methods, and activities used in the training. The results of the evaluation of the approach: (1) Overall satisfaction of the student council was at the highest level. (2) The reflection of learning after implementing the activity was at a high level overall.</p> Jenjira Jitaree, Nat Rattanasirinichakun, Phitthaya Saengsawang Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270082 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 Factors Affecting Academic Administration of Educational Institutions under the Secondary Educational Service Area, office Uthai Thani Chainat https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270099 <p> This research aims to: 1) study the factors affecting academic administration in educational institutions, 2) assess the level of academic administration, 3) analyze the relationship between these factors and academic administration, and 4) develop a predictive equation. The sample consisted of 310 school administrators and teachers, selected using Krejcie, and Morgan’s sampling method. The research tool was a questionnaire with reliability coefficients ranging from 0.91 to 0.95. Data analysis involved mean, standard deviation, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The findings revealed that:</p> <p> 1) the overall level of factors affecting academic administration was high ( = 3.55, S.D. = 0.49); 2) the overall level of academic administration was also high (= 3.56, S.D. = 0.40); 3) all factors had a statistically significant positive correlation with academic administration at the .01 level, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.66 to 0.74; and 4) factors related to administrators, teachers, budget, and educational media and technology significantly influenced academic administration at the .05 level. These factors accounted for 70% predictive academic administration is as follows:</p> <p> The predictive equation for raw scores:</p> <p> <strong> </strong>= 0.67 + 0.40(X<sub>1</sub>) + 0.27(X<sub>2</sub>) + 0.09(X<sub>4</sub>) + 0.08(X<sub>5</sub>)</p> <p> The predictive equation for standardized scores:</p> <p> <strong> </strong>= 0.45(Z<sub>1</sub>) + 0.32(Z<sub>2</sub>) + 0.12(Z<sub>4</sub>) + 0.11(Z<sub>5</sub>)</p> Panya Sornsiri, Nanthawat Nunart, Thitinun Duangsuwan Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270099 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 Problems and Guidelines for the Academic Administration of the opportunity expansion schools under Lopburi Primary Educational Service Area Office 2 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270163 <p>The purpose of this research is to 1) study the problem, 2) investigate guidelines, and 3) evaluate the administration of educational opportunity Expansion School. The research process consists of 3 steps as follows: Firstly, the investigation of academic administration problems involved a sample of 240 participants, including 25 administrators and 215 teachers. The research tool was questionnaire which a problem questionnaire of the academic administration of educational opportunities expansion school The quality of the instrument has a content validity of 1.00 for all items and a reliability of 0.99. The data were analyzed using basic statistical methods such as mean and standard deviation. Secondly, the development of academic administration strategies was conducted through focus group discussions. Lastly, these strategies were evaluated using a questionnaire with high content validity 1.00. The data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation. The research results were found as follows;</p> <p> 1) Problems in academic administration: The overall level of problems in administration in schools expanding educational opportunities, under the jurisdiction of the Lopburi Primary Educational Service Area Office 2, was high (mean = 3.97, S.D. = 0.56). The highest level of problems was found in the area of assessment, evaluation, and credit transfer. This was followed by problems in curriculum development. The area with the lowest was educational supervision, which was still at a high level. 2) Academic administration guidelines: The study identified 72 guidelines across eight areas for the academic administration of schools expanding educational opportunities. 3) Evaluation of academic administration guidelines: The overall effectiveness of developed guidelines was evaluated to be at the highest level in addressing the identified problems and improving academic administration.</p> Ploypailin Lohawech, Saythit Yafu, Teerapod Naebnean Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270163 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 The Factors Affecting Student Caring and Supporting Systems in Special Education Schools Under The Special Education Bureau Group 2 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270250 <p>The objectives of this research were to 1) study the level of factors affecting to the system of student care and support the system, 2) to study the level of the system of student care and support the system, 3) to study the relationship between the factors affecting student care and support the system, and 4) to devise the forecast equation of factors affecting to the student care and support the system. The sample consisted of 254 administrators and teachers obtained by Multi-stage Sampling. The research tools were questionnaire to Factors affecting to the system of caring management for students the reliability coefficient equal to 1 The statistics used for data analysis were mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression analysis. ......................................... The research findings were as follow:</p> <p> 1) The factors affecting to student care and support the system in overall was overall at high level. 2) The level of student care and support the system of was overall at high level. 3) The relationship between the factors affecting to student care and support the system.4) The factors in the media and technology (X8), the budget (X7), and the teacher (X2) affecting student care and support the system with statistically significance at the .01level. The predicted factors those affected the student care and support the system was 68% accurate. Furthermore, the equation prediction were as follow:</p> <p> The predicting equation of raw scores was:</p> <p> = 0.86 + 0.39(X8) + 0.31(X7) + 0.12(X2)</p> <p> The predicting equation of standard scores was:</p> <p> Z = 0.45(Z8) + 0.36(Z7) + 0.14(Z2)</p> <p> </p> Ruttiyaporn Pengpajon, Teerapod Naebnean, Kraiwit Dee-Aim Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270250 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 The Effects of Learning Experience Management by Utilizing Engineering Design Process with Literature to Develop Problem-Solving Skills of Young Children https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270426 <p>The purposes of this research were: 1) compare the problem-solving abilities of young children before and after using the engineering design process to integrate learning experiences with literature, 2) Additionally, it sought to investigate the impact of this approach on the problem-solving abilities of young children Using a technique of purposive sampling, the study's sample group consisted of eighteen boy and girl students in Kindergarten Year 1, second semester of Academic Year 2023, ages 4-5. The following were the instruments utilized to gather the data: 1) literature 2) learning experience plans that combined reading and the engineering design process 3) behavioral observation logs; and 4) assessments of young children problem-solving abilities. The mean, standard deviation, t-test, and content analysis were used to analyze the data that was collected. The study's findings revealed that:</p> <p> 1) The young children problem-solving skills assessment form has an IOC value between 0.67-1.00 with a reliability result of 0.81, which may be used for data collection; the experience plan prepared by the researcher and the expert evaluation results have an IOC value between 0.67-1.00. 2) Young children problem-solving abilities were significantly better after the experiment at a statistical significance of .05. 3) Young children were all able to listen, identify the root causes of problems, identify solutions, and communicate the outcomes that followed problem-solving.</p> Pridsana Ardbundit, Pattamavadi Lehmongkol, Oraphan Butkatunyoo Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270426 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 Developing Creativity through Problem-Based Learning Combined with Infographics for Science Teacher Students https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270440 <p>This research aims to 1) explore current creativity condition of general science student teachers 2) study results of problem-based learning activities with infographics that aim to develop creative thinking and 3) study satisfaction toward problem-based learning activities with infographics. Samples of the research are 36 of the 3<sup>rd</sup> year general science student teachers, faculty of education, Rajabhat University Suan Sunandha who studying in a second semester of an academic year 2023. These samples are obtained by cluster sampling method. The tools used in the research are 1) problem-based learning activities with Infographic developed by the researcher 2) the test for creative thinking - drawing production (TCT-DP) of Jellen and Urban and 3) activity satisfaction questionnaire to measure satisfaction toward problem-based activity with infographic. Findings of the finding found that:</p> <p> 1) for the present condition, the sample group had creative thinking at a moderate level (= 32.97, 45.79 percent). 2) Overall average creativity scores after implementing problem-based learning management with infographics were at a high level. The scores before and after implementation were significantly different (<sub>posttest </sub>= 54.81 &gt; <sub>pretest</sub> = 32.97) at a significance level of .05 and 3) students were satisfied with problem-based learning activities with infographics in 3 areas: content, teaching and learning activities, and evaluation which appeared at a good level.</p> Pawinee Rattanakorn Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270440 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 Factors Affecting Academic Administration of School Administrators of Educational Opportunity Expansion School under Nakhon Sawan Primary Educational Service Area Office 2 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270508 <p>The objectives of this research were: 1) to study the level of factors affecting academic administration of administrators 2) to study the level of academic administration of administrators 3) to study the relationship between factors and academic administration of administrators and 4) to create an equation for predicting factors affecting academic administration of administrators. Sample group, 250 administrators and teachers obtained from the sample size. Using Taro Yamane’s table and multi-stage random sampling. The tool used to collect data was questionnaire on administrators, teachers, budget, community, building, atmosphere, media and technology. The Validity was 0.67 and 1.00 and reliability was at 0.96, 0.96, 0.95, 0.95, 0.93, 0.94, 0.97 and the academic administration of administrators had a reliability of 0.99. Statistics used in data analysis include mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results of the research were found that:</p> <p> 1) The level of factors affecting academic administration of administrators, it was at a high level. When considering, it was found that the factor that had the greatest impact was the administrative followed by teachers and budget. 2) The level of academic administration of administrators was at a high level. 3) Relationship factors and academic administration of administrators there was a positive. 4) Factors affect the academic administration of administrators by stepwise multiple regression analysis found that there are factors that affect the academic administration of administrators, teachers (x<sub>2</sub>), budget (x<sub>3</sub>), atmosphere (x<sub>6</sub>), and administrative (x<sub>1</sub>) with statistical significance at the .05 level are able to predict the academic administration of administrators 81.00 % as shown in the equation. The predicting equation were shown as;</p> <p> y= 1.85 + 0.24(X<sub>2</sub>) + 0.13(X<sub>3</sub>) + 0.13 (X<sub>6</sub>) + 0.04(X<sub>1</sub>)</p> <p> z= 0.52(Z<sub>2</sub>) + 0.29(Z<sub>3</sub>) + 0.19(Z<sub>6</sub>) + 0.11(Z<sub>1</sub>)</p> Kittaphat Luangjok, Supattana Hombubpha, Satorn Subruangthong Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270508 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 The Needs of Talented Person Management of Private School Administrators under Office of Vocational Education Commission, Khon Kaen Province https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270767 <p>Research title on “The Needs of Talented Person Management of Private School Administrators under Office of Vocational Education Commission, Khon Kaen Province” aimed to 1) study the current situation and the desirable state, 2) study the needs for talent person management of private school administrators under the Office of Khon Kaen Vocational Education Commission. This research was a quantitative research. The sample group consisted of 264 administrators and teachers, The sample size was determined by calculating from Taro Yamane's formula at sampling error level of 0.05 and using stratified random sampling method. The statistics used in data analysis comprised of frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and Priority Needs index. The research results were found that:</p> <p> 1) The current situation and the desirable state in talent person management of private school administrators under the Office of Khon Kaen Vocational Education Commission were found that the overall current situation was rated at a moderate level, the overall desirable state were rated at the highest level. 2) Needs for talent person management of private school administrators under the Office of Khon Kaen Vocational Education Commission, in overall, were found that PNI Modified index was = 0.49, arranged in order of the needs, were as follows: 1) talent recruitment and selection, 2) effectiveness evaluation and talent rewarding, 3) efficiency development of talent, 4) talent retention, and 5) supporting structure.</p> Sudarat Panyayaw, Wichian Rooyuenyong Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270767 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 Needs in Promoting the Professional Learning Community of Private Educational Institutions under Khon Kaen Province Vocational Education https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270768 <p>The objectives of this research were: 1) to study the current situation, the desirable condition for the promotion of being professional learning community of private educational institutions 2) to study needs for the promotion of being professional learning community of private educational institutions 3) to present recommendations for the promotion of being professional learning community of private educational institutions. The sample group consisted of educational institution administrators and teachers, with the total number of 242 people. by Stratified sampling. The tool used to collect data has the reliability of the current situation questionnaire was equal to 0.94, the reliability of the desirable condition was equal to 0.96. The statistics used in the analysis include frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and prioritization of needs. (PNI<sub>Modified</sub>) The research results found that:</p> <p> 1) The current conditions in being a professional learning community of private educational institutions. It is at a high level. When considering each area, it was found that the area with the highest level of performance was the shared vision area. and desirable conditions Overall, it is at the highest level. When considering each aspect, it was found that the aspect with the most desirable level was the Caring Community 2) Needs for the promotion of being professional learning community of private educational institutions, it was found that the aspect with the greatest need was caring community. 3) Recommendations for the promotion of being professional learning community of private educational institutions:(1)Executive should be encouragement in setting a professional vision together. (2Executive should be encouragement in brain-storming and planning together. (3) Executive should be the characteristics of academic leadership. (4) Executive should be trust and respect to each other in working. (5) Executive should be the promotion on creation of atmosphere contributed to learning and living together happily.</p> Maethinee Aroonsiriwattano, Niyada Piampuechana Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270768 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 The Relationship between Leadership of Administrators and Effectiveness of Private Educational Institutions under Khon Kaen Province Vocational Education https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270769 <p>The objectives of this research were 1) to study the leadership of private educational institution administrators, 2) to study the effectiveness of private educational institutions and 3) to study the relationship between the leadership of administrators and the effectiveness of private educational institutions under Khon Kaen Vocational Education. The sample group used in the research was educational institution administrators and teachers under Khon Kaen Vocational Education, with the total number of 242 people. The instrument used for collecting data was a 5-level rating scale questionnaire. The statistics used for data analysis comprised percentage, mean, standard deviation and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The research results were found that:</p> <p> 1) Leadership of private educational institution administrators Overall, it was at a high level (= 3.68, S.D. =0.57). When considering each aspect, it was found that the aspect with the highest average was task-oriented leadership. And the least aspect is participatory leadership. 2) Effectiveness of private educational institutions Overall, it was at a high level (= 3.68, S.D. =0.57) and develop educational institutions And the least aspect is the ability to develop students to have a positive attitude. 3) The relationship between administrators' leadership and the effectiveness of private educational institutions, in overall, was found that the relationship was at a high level (r = 0.809**) with statistical significance at .01 level and when considering each aspect, arranged in order of the relationship values from the highest level to the lowest level was the ability to develop students to have higher academic achievement (r = 0.700**), followed by the ability to solve problems within educational institutions (r = 0.692**), the ability to change and develop educational institutions (r = 0.644** ), the ability to develop students to have positive attitude (r = 0.633**).</p> Patana Muangkram, Vanich Prasertphorn Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/270769 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 Thai Literature Instruction Based on Literature Circles to Enhance Empathy of Secondary Students: Evaluation of Instructional Process https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269856 <p>This research aims to develop and evaluate the suitability of a Thai literature instruction based on literature circles to enhance empathy of secondary students. The research is conducted in two phases. Phase 1 involves the study of basic information and drafting the instructional procedures including a review of relevant documents and research studies, and phase 2 includes the evaluate the suitability of instructional procedures by experts in related fields. The target group consists of three Thai language teachers and experts. The research instrument was the consistency index evaluation form. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including arithmetic mean and standard deviation. .. The results revealed that:</p> <p> 1) the developed instructional procedures comprise 1.1) objectives 1.2) a four-steps as step 1 selecting reading passages to group students by their interests. Step 2 assigning reading roles to analyze literature based on its elements. Step 3 empathizing with characters by understanding their lives, lessons, and themes.Step 4 discussing the thoughts and feelings of characters in connection with real-life experiences and events. 1.3) Assessment and evaluation. The process evaluation by the experts indicates a high level of suitability (Mean = 2.44, SD = 0.33). The components, ranked from most to least appropriate, are as follows the steps of the learning management process (Mean = 2.67, SD = 0.58). The objectives of the learning management process and the assessment and evaluation of the learning management process (Mean = 2.34, SD = 1.16). The developed instructional process may be able to use for enhancing empathy of secondary students.</p> Wittayanan Boonkong, Soison Sakolrak Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/269856 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 The Guideline Development for the Operation Through Coronavirus Diseases 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic Incident Action Plan of Wangchao School Cluster under Tak Primary Educational Service Area Office 1 Tak Province https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/271516 <p>The purposes of this research were to 1) study the conditions and the problems of the operation 2) compare the operation through Coronavirus Diseases 2019 pandemic incident action plan, and 3) find the guideline to develop the operation through coronavirus diseases 2019 pandemic incident action plan of Wangchao school cluster under Tak Primary Educational Service Area Office 1 Tak Province. The research was the survey research. The research instruments were a questionnaire and structured interview. The data were analyzed using percentage, mean, standard deviation, and content analysis. The results revealed that:</p> <p> 1) In general, the conditions of the operation through COVID-19 pandemic incident action plan were at the highest level. When considering each aspect, it was found that all of aspects were at the highest levels. The highest mean was 6 supplementary measures. There was no significant difference at the 0.05 level. For 6 supplementary measures, the highest mean of problem was found that students, parents, and teachers did not aware of data record of COVID-19. For 7 intensive measures. 2) The comparison of the operation by school sizes, and working experience was found that there was no difference. 3) The guidelines for the operation with 6 main measures were that teachers, students, and parents should perform through social distancing seriously. 6 supplementary measures were found that personnel should be informed to know eating hot food. For 7 intensive measures, it was found that there should have the cooperation of related persons.</p> Nathakamol Wongbutdee, Prachop Kwanman Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/271516 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 The Relationship between The Roles of School Administrators and The Implementation of Internal Educational Quality Assurance of School under Sukhothai Primary Educational Service Area Office 2 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/271197 <p>The purposes of this research were to 1) study the role of school administrators 2) the implementation level of internal educational quality assurance of school and 3) the relationship between the role of school administrators and the implementation of internal educational quality assurance level of school. The samples in this research were 260 school administrators and teachers which determined by using Krejcie, &amp; Morgan table and simple random sampling method. The instrument in this research was a questionnaire concerning the role of school administrators and the level implementation of internal educational quality assurance of school with the validity 0.67-1.00. The reliability at 0.82. The statistics used for data analysis were mean, standard deviation and Pearson’s correlation analysis. The research findings were as follows:</p> <p> 1) The role of school administrators in overall was at a high level. 2) The implementation level of internal educational quality assurance of school in overall was at a high level. 3) The relationship between the role of school administrators and the implementation level of internal educational quality assurance of school were overall there was rather high level of positive by correlation coefficient relation (r<sub>xy</sub> = 0.79) with statistically significance at the .01 level.</p> Thidarat Ruangcham, Thitinan Duangsuwan, Nanthawat Nunart Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/271197 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 The Effect of the Cippa Model on Learning Achievement and Science Process Skills for Prathomsuksa 4 Students https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/271643 <p> The purposes of this research were to 1) compare the leaning achievement of students before and after CIPPA learning management, 2) compare the learning achievement of students between after CIPPA learning management and the criteria 75% of total score, and 3) compare the science process skills of students between after CIPPA learning management and the criteria 75% of total score. The sample group in this research comprised 21 Prathomsuksa 4 students from Ban Wang Kaset School, Uthai Thani Province obtained by using cluster random sampling method. The research instruments were 1) the 4 lesson plans 2) the achievement test and 3) the science process skills assessment form. Data were analyzed by using mean, standard deviation, t-test for dependent samples and t-test for one sample. The research findings were as follows:</p> <p> 1) The student were received CIPPA learning management had the achievement after learning higher than before with statistically significant at the .05 level. 2) The students were received CIPPA learning management had the achievement after learning higher than the criteria 75 % of full score with statistically significant at the .05 level. 3) The student were received CIPPA learning management that had the after learning higher than the criteria 75 % of full score with statistically significant at the .05 level.</p> <p> </p> Pornnatcha Kaewket1, Pornsiri EIamkaew Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/271643 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 A study of parents' satisfaction with the administration of child developmentcenters Under the jurisdiction of Ban Phot Subdistrict Municipality, Nong Phai District, Phetchabun Province https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/271812 <p>This research aimed to 1) study the level of parental satisfaction with the administration of the Child Development Center under the Ban Phot Subdistrict Municipality, Nong Phai District, Phetchabun Province, and 2) compare the parental satisfaction with the administration of the Child Development Center under the Ban Phot Subdistrict Municipality, Nong Phai District, Phetchabun Province, classified by gender, age, education, occupation, and income. The population used in the study was 64 parents of children of the Child Development Center under the Ban Phot Subdistrict Municipality, who were purposively selected. The instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire created by the researcher as a 5-level rating scale questionnaire with a reliability value of 0.97. Data analysis included mean, standard deviation, t-test, and one-way variance test. The results of the research found that:</p> <p> 1) Parents’ satisfaction with the administration of the child development center under the Ban Phot Municipality, Nong Phai District, Phetchabun Province, was at a high level overall. Ranked from highest to lowest average values, it was found that academics and activities according to the curriculum had the highest average values, followed by personnel, buildings, locations, environment and safety, child development center management, and early childhood development network promotion, respectively. Participation and support had the lowest average values. 2) The results of comparing parental satisfaction with the administration of the child development center under the Ban Phot Municipality, Nong Phai District, Phetchabun Province, found that parents with different genders, ages, education, occupations, and incomes had no different overall satisfaction with the administration of the child development center under the Ban Phot Municipality, Nong Phai District, Phetchabun Province.</p> Kasin Mekpan, Ratchadaporn Wingwon , Sodsri Siyab Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/271812 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 Guidelines for academic administration of the Lum naming zone District Learning Encouragement Center, under the Chiang Rai Office of Learning Encouragement https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/268552 <p>Study the current state of academic administration, 2) study the excellent practices in academic administration, and 3) propose guidelines for the Lum naming zone District Learning Encouragement Center, under the Chiang Rai Office of Learning Encouragement. This research employed a mixed-methods approach. The population of the study consisted of 82 administrators, teachers, and educational personnel from the centers, who were purposively selected. The research instrument was a questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.943. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and content analysis. The research results were found as follows;</p> <p> 1) The overall state of academic administration was at a high level. The highest mean score was in the area of measurement, evaluation, and transfer of learning outcomes. (μ = 4.08, σ = 0.41) 2) excellent practices in academic administration (1) Developing a curriculum that is aligned with the needs of the community. (2) Monitoring and evaluating learning outcomes and providing feedback. (3) Using technology for measurement, evaluation, and transfer of learning outcomes. (4) Disseminating research results through various channels. (5) Providing diverse and context-appropriate instructional supervision. 3) guidelines for academic administration (1) Developing a curriculum that is aligned with the needs of the community. (2) Monitoring and evaluating learning outcomes and providing feedback. (3) Using technology for measurement, evaluation, and transfer of learning outcomes. (4) Disseminating research results through various channels. and (5) Providing diverse and context-appropriate instructional supervision.</p> Amornrat Tunsao, Pairop Rattanachuwong, Phoonchai Yawirach Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/268552 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 Results-oriented Budget Management of Development Center Young Children Belonging to Local Government Organizations in Phan District Chiang Rai Province https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/268407 <p>This research has the objectives 1) to study the budget management conditions of child development centers 2) to study factors in budget management of child development centers. 3) to study best practices in budget management of child development centers. young children. 4) To propose guidelines for results-based budget management It is a mixed methods research. The population is 63 people and the total number of informants is 18 people. The population and groups of informants are selected by means of purposive selection. The tools used to collect data are The questionnaire has a confidence value of 0.97. Statistics used in data analysis include mean and standard deviation and content analysis from interviews and presented in essay form. The research results found that;</p> <p> Guidelines for results-based budget management of child development centers under local administrative organizations in Phan District Chiang Rai Province, all 7 aspects are as follows: 1) preparation and submission of budget requests Must meet with those involved. 2) Budget allocation. Must plan budget allocation Analyze the worthiness of the project. 3) In terms of monitoring, reporting, a working group must be appointed to monitor. Evaluate the results of budget management 4) Resource mobilization Must create a project to request budget support from various agencies. 5) Financial management. Must plan to set goals Financial objectives Comply with relevant legal regulations 6) Accounting management Must continually develop the accounting system and send staff to receive training. 7) In the area of material and asset management. Must set goals and objectives for the appropriate use of supplies and assets. and send officials to receive training.</p> Sunida kaewoudomvatchra, Pairop Rattanachuwong, Phoonchai Yawirach Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/268407 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 A model of the process of implementing His Majesty the King’s royal advice towards effective education management phase 1 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/271944 <p> </p> <p> The research on the model for implementing royal policy towards effective education management, Phase 1 aims to 1) Synthesis the new meaning of education management. 2) Find appropriate steps and starting points of the educational process. and 3) Synthesize a model for the process of implementing royal policy into effective education management. Data sources include 1) documents, concepts, theories, and research on educational management. Management in response to the royal speech, royal initiative, and royal policy. and 2) Population of experts in primary education administration in school system and provincial kindergarten administration. Under the Ministry of Education in Racha-buri Province specifically selected 5 people. Collect information on meanings and processes for organizing education at the school level using document content analysis technique, and used an unstructured interview format to interview experts. The research results found that;</p> <p> 1) The new meaning of educational management is refers to the efforts of schools and institutions in driving their organizations and educational service plans to be most effective in raising the quality of students and to the satisfaction of all parties involved. 2) The main activities and appropriate starting point of the educational management process are 5 main activities and it is a process that starts from organization. Follow by planning, driving work according to plan, measurement and evaluation, and reporting results respectively. 3) The model of the process of implementing royal policy towards effective educational management that can be synthesized is called the model of organizing a plan to drive the evaluation of educational management report, and its abbreviation is called OPDER model.</p> Chariya Wirot, Jarin Ngamman Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/271944 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700 The Guidelines for the Development of Internal Quality Assurance Administration in Student Quality of Schools in Athit-Uthai Cluster under Tak Primary Educational Service Area Office 1 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/274112 <p>The purposes of this research were to 1) study the conditions and the problems of internal quality assurance administration in student quality, 2) compare internal quality assurance administration in student quality classified by positions, experiences, and school sizes, and 3) find the guidelines for the development of internal quality assurance administration in student quality. The samples consisted of 86 administrators and teachers in Athit-Uthai Cluster under Tak Primary Educational Service Area Office 1. The samples were obtained by Simple Random Sampling with Krejcie, &amp; Morgan Tables. The research instruments were a questionnaire and an interview. The reliability of the instrument was at 0.988. The data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, t-test, and ONE-WAY ANOVA. The results revealed that:</p> <p> 1) in general, the internal quality assurance operation in student quality done by the application of PDCA process was at the high level. When considering each aspect, it was found that the highest means were basic skills and good attitude towards vocations. The lowest means were the abilities of critical thinking and solving problem discussion. (2) The comparison of internal quality assurance administration in student quality classified by positions, school sizes, and experience were found that there was no difference. When considering each aspect, there was difference in the ability of innovational construction with statistically significant difference at the level of .05. (3) The guidelines for the development of internal quality assurance administration in student quality were that the Educational Service Area Office should set the polices or the projects for the promotion of students’ skills in reading, writing, communication, and calculation to be the guidelines of school operation. The administrative model should be in the participative process with all sector cooperation. The administrators should support and improve information and communication technology (ICT). Have the context analysis. The network with external organization, have participate with local organizations and set various activities to meet cultural diversity, have The projects for sports excellence should be set for supporting physical wellness.</p> Kamrai Tana, Poompipat Rukponmongkol Copyright (c) 2025 Education journal Faculty of Education, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/edunsrujo/article/view/274112 Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0700