Academic Journal of the Northern Rajabhat University Graduate Network

6 DRIVING ENERGY TRANSITIONS IN ASIA: LESSONS FROM CHINA, JAPAN, SOUTH KOREA, TAIWAN, AND VIETNAM

KIATANANTHA LOUNKAEW — 2025-12-29

This article analyzes energy transition strategies from five leading Asian countries. The study reveals that China invested $83.4 billion in 2020, combined with a degressive feed-in tariff policy, achieving 253 GW of solar capacity. Japan developed virtual power plants and home energy management systems, increasing its renewable energy to 20.8% within a decade. South Korea implemented renewable portfolio standards alongside a $61 billion Green New Deal Fund (GNDF). Taiwan has advanced its offshore wind development through a domestic supply chain. Vietnam utilized direct power purchase agreements to attract $7.4 billion in investments. The article proposes a five-level implementation framework: at the national level, establishing renewable energy funds and regulatory reforms; at the provincial level, developing local energy plans based on regional potential; at the business level, setting renewable energy targets and long-term power purchase agreements; at the community level, developing co-owned solar projects; and at the household level, supporting rooftop solar installation through low-interest financing schemes. The study concludes that success depends on context-appropriate policy design, sustainable financing mechanisms, and multi-stakeholder participation from policy to household levels.

Journal of Graduate Studies in Northern Rajabhat Universities

editor — 2025-12-29

1 DEVELOPMENT OF LEARNING MANAGEMENT PLANS AND DEVELOPMENT OF A LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT TEST ON SIMPLE PROGRAMMING USING SCRATCH FOR GRADE 4 STUDENTS

ROSSUKON PHONBOOBPHA — 2025-12-29

This research aimed to develop a lesson plan and an achievement test on simple programming using Scratch for fourth-grade students. The sample consisted of 5 experts and 40 students. The statistics used for data analysis included the mean, standard deviation, item-objective congruence, difficulty index, discrimination power, and Cronbach's alpha reliability. The results showed that 1) the overall quality of the lesson plan was at the highest level. 2) The development of the achievement test resulted in a 52-item achievement test. An item-objective congruence (IOC) ranged from 0.60 to 1.00, a difficulty index ranged from 0.25 to 0.77, a discrimination power ranged from 0.35 to 0.98, and a reliability of 0.94.

2 DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC LITERACY THROUGH LEARNING MANAGEMENT USING PROJECT–BASED LEARNING FOR SIXTH GRADERS

KIRIYA CHANGPAN — 2025-12-29

This research aimed to (1) develop and compare the scientific literacy of sixth graders before and after instruction, and (2) compare the scientific literacy of sixth graders after instruction between the control group and experimental group. The sample consisted of sixth graders under the Pathum Thani Provincial Education Office using a cluster sampling method. The experimental group consisted of 39 students from class 6/1, and the control group consisted of 38 students from class 6/2. The research instruments comprised project-based learning lesson plans, conventional learning lesson plans, and a scientific literacy test. Statistical analyses included percentages, means, standard deviations, paired-samples t-tests, and independent-samples t-tests.

The research findings revealed that: (1) the scientific literacy scores of students who received project-based learning after learning were higher than before learning. All students achieved Level 2 scientific literacy or higher, with statistically significant differences at the .05 level. (2) The scientific literacy of students after learning showed that the group receiving project-based learning demonstrated significantly higher scientific literacy than the group receiving conventional learning at the .05 level.

3 GUIDELINES FOR INTEGRATION OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) WITH ARGUMENT-DRIVEN INQUIRY IN THE PHYSICAL SCIENCE SUBJECT IN UNIT OF FORCE AND NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION FOR DEVELOPING SCIENTIFIC EXPLANATION SKILLS IN PRE-SERVICE SCIENCE TEACHERS

AUAYPORN DAMRIMUNGKIT — 2025-12-29

This research aimed to (1) study guidelines for integrating information and communication technology (ICT) with argument-driven inquiry, and (2) study the scientific explanation skill of pre-service science teachers. The samples consisted of 30 pre-service science teachers. The research tools used included skill assessment forms and worksheets to measure skills in constructing scientific descriptions, semi-structured interviews, post-lesson reflection records, and student journals. Quantitative data were analyzed using percentages and means, while qualitative data were analyzed using inductive data analysis.

The result showed that (1) The learning management guidelines consisted of 8 steps: 1) Defining the research task and question; 2) Collecting and analyzing data; 3) Developing a preliminary argument; 4) Argument; 5) Writing the report; 6) Peer review; 7) Revising and submitting; and 8) Discussion and reflection. (2) The results of the post-learning scientific explanation skills measurement showed that the average score of scientific explanation skills of science teacher trainees was at a good level in all components except the claim component, which was at a very good level.

4 EVALUATION OF THE PERFORMANCE OF THE PHETCHABURI CITY RESEARCH CENTER, PHETCHABURI PROVINCE

RAVITHON THANUSSAKUL — 2025-12-29

This study aimed to examine and evaluate the performance of the Phetchaburi Urban Community Research Center in Phetchaburi Province. The research employed a mixed-methods approach, combining both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The study was conducted in two phases: (1) field data collection (in-depth interviews, focus groups, and observation) and (2) data synthesis for evaluation. The Bamboo Ladder Technique was utilized to assess six key dimensions: community area, economy, socio-culture, technology, participation and self-reliance, and community activities related to tourism. The target group for this research consisted of 25 key stakeholders of the Phetchaburi Urban Community Research Center. The research instruments included structured interview forms, a focus group discussion guideline, a bamboo ladder evaluation form, and observation records. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis, while quantitative data were analyzed by calculating the mean, standard deviation, and frequency distribution.

The findings indicated that the Phetchaburi Urban Community Research Center played a crucial role in preserving local lifestyles, arts, culture, and indigenous knowledge, while also contributing to community economic development through cultural tourism and generating income from local products. Evaluation scores demonstrated a marked increase from past to present and anticipated future levels, reflecting significant progress in the Center’s management and its potential to evolve into a sustainable cultural learning hub and community-based tourism destination.

5 GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING LOCAL DEVELOPMENT PLANS OF SUBDISTRICT ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATIONS IN PANG SILA THONG DISTRICT, KAMPHAENG PHET PROVINCE

NARDSUDA PHONWIRAT — 2025-12-29

This research aimed to (1) study the states, problems, and factors related to preparing local development plans and (2) find guidelines for developing local development plans for local administrative organizations in Pang Sila Thong District, Kamphaeng Phet Province. The population consists of 95 members from the District Administrative Committee and the Integrated Sub-district Administrative Committee, and 9 key informants. The research instruments included questionnaires and in-depth interviews. The statistical methods used for data analysis included percentages, means, standard deviations, and content analysis.

The results revealed that: (1) regarding the development of local development plans, it was found that community planning involved coordination and cooperation in requesting budget support between government agencies and the private sector. The problems in the preparation of local development plans overall were found to be at a low level. Regarding factors related to local development planning, internal factors were found to be at a high overall level, including leadership, personnel, management, budget, and materials. External factors were also found to be at a high overall level, including social and cultural aspects, the people receiving the services, the economy, technology, and politics. (2) The development guidelines included enhancing the knowledge and skills of local leaders, promoting active participation processes, and systematically integrating plans at all levels to ensure that local development plans truly meet the needs of the people.

Keywords: Local Development Plan, Local Government Organization, Pang Silathong District